perder

perder(
pehr
-
dehr
)
A transitive verb is a verb that requires a direct object (e.g. I bought a book.).
transitive verb
1. (to misplace)
a. to lose
¿Cuántas veces has perdido tu celular?How many times have you lost your cellphone?
2. (to be defeated)
a. to lose
Si perdemos otro partido, no nos clasificaremos para la final.If we lose another match, we will not qualify for the finals.
3. (to throw away)
a. to miss
Perdiste la oportunidad de conseguir una entrada gratis.You missed the chance to get a free ticket.
b. to waste
Le hiciste perder demasiado tiempo.You made him waste so much time.
4. (not to catch)
a. to miss
El atasco me hizo perder el vuelo.The traffic jam made me miss my flight.
5. (to reduce)
a. to lose
Va perdiendo peso poco a poco.He's steadily losing weight.
6. (to lose to death or destruction)
a. to lose
Perdimos mucho por la guerra.We lost so much in the war.
7. (to leak)
a. to lose
Mi calentador sigue perdiendo agua.My boiler keeps losing water.
perderse
A pronominal verb always uses a reflexive pronoun. (e.g. Te ves cansado.).
pronominal verb
8. (to fail to find the way)
a. to get lost
Mi perro se perdió en el bosque.My dog got lost in the woods.
b. to be lost
¿Nos puede ayudar, por favor? Nos hemos perdido. Estamos buscando el Museo del Prado.Can you help us, please? We're lost. We're looking for the Prado Museum.
9. (to not understand)
a. to get lost
Durante unos minutos, no presté atención a lo que decía el profesor y me perdí.For a few minutes, I didn't pay attention to what the teacher was saying and I got lost.
b. to be lost
Esta regla gramatical es muy complicada. Me he perdido. ¿Me la puedes volver a explicar, por favor?This grammar rule is very complicated. I'm lost. Can you explain it to me again, please?
10. (to vanish)
a. to disappear
El coche negro se perdió entre el tráfico de la hora punta, y los policías que lo perseguían no pudieron hacer nada para evitarlo.The black car disappeared into the rush hour traffic, and the cops who were chasing it could do nothing about it.
11. (to waste a chance to do something)
a. to miss
¿No leíste su última novela? Bueno, no te perdiste nada. A mí me pareció bastante mediocre.Didn't you read his last novel? Well, you didn't miss anything. It seemed pretty mediocre to me.
b. to miss out on
Como no tienes suficiente información, te estás perdiendo muchas de las ventajas que tiene ser miembro de nuestro club.Because you don't have enough information, you're missing out on many of the advantages of being a member of our club.
12. (to go to waste)
a. to be ruined
Ese año se perdieron muchas cosechas debido a la sequía.That year many crops were ruined due to the drought.
13. (to indulge in debauchery)
a. to lose one's way
Tras la muerte de su esposa, él empezó a beber y acabó por perderse.After his wife died, he started drinking and ended up by losing his way.
Copyright © Curiosity Media Inc.
perder
A transitive verb is a verb that requires a direct object (e.g. I bought a book.).
transitive verb
1. (dinero, objeto, amigo)
a. to lose
2. (desperdiciar)
a. to waste
3. (oportunidad)
a. to miss
no pierdas el tiempo con o en tonteríasdon't waste your time on nonsense like that
no hay tiempo que perderthere's no time to lose
4. (tren, vuelo)
a. to miss
5. (tener un escape de; agua)
a. to lose, to leak
ese camión va perdiendo aceitethis lorry is losing o leaking oil
6. (perjudicar)
a. to be the ruin of
le pierde su pasión por el juegohis passion for gambling is ruining him
An intransitive verb is one that does not require a direct object (e.g. The man sneezed.).
intransitive verb
7. (salir derrotado)
a. to lose
no te pelees con él, que llevas las de perderdon't get into a fight with him, you're bound to lose
8. (empeorar)
a. to go downhill
9. (tener un escape)
a. to leak
echar algo a perderto spoil something
echarse a perderto go off, to spoil
A pronominal verb always uses a reflexive pronoun. (e.g. Te ves cansado.).
pronominal verb
10. (extraviarse)
a. to get lost
me he perdidoI'm lost
se me ha perdido el relojI've lost my watch
11. (desaparecer)
a. to disappear
12. (colloquial)
a.
¡piérdete!get lost!
13. (desperdiciarse)
a. to be wasted
14. (desaprovechar)
a.
perderse algoto miss out on something
¡no te lo pierdas!don't miss it!
15. (por los vicios)
a. to be beyond salvation
perderse porto be mad about
Copyright © 2006 Harrap Publishers Limited
perder
transitive verb
1 [+objeto, dinero, peso] to lose
he perdido el monedero I've lost my purse
¿dónde lo perdió?
a los seis años perdió a su padre she lost her father when she was six
está intentando perder peso
he perdido cinco kilos I've lost five kilos; había perdido mucha sangre she had lost a lot of blood; ha perdido mucho dinero en la bolsa she has lost a lot of money on the stock market; no tienes nada que perder you have nothing to lose
te he perdido
perder el conocimiento to lose consciousness
perder la costumbre to get out of the habit
perder algo de vista to lose sight of sth
nunca pierde de vista el fin que persigue he never loses sight of his goal; no lo pierdas de vista don't let him out of your sight; conviene no perder de vista que ... we mustn't forget that ...; we mustn't lose sight of the fact that ...
conviene no perder de vista que su salud y posibilidades dependen en gran medida del desarrollo y vitalidad de la cultura musical del país por muy agobiantes que sean, no deben hacernos perder de vista la importancia de otros valores
2 [+tiempo] to waste
¡me estás haciendo perder el tiempo! you're wasting my time!; sin perder un momento without wasting a moment
3 [+aire, aceite] to leak
el vehículo pierde aceite the car is leaking oil; the car has an oil leak; la pelota perdió aire the ball went flat
4 (no coger) [+tren, avión] to miss; [+oportunidad] to miss; lose
no pierde detalle he doesn't miss a thing
5 (destruir) to ruin
ese vicio le perderá that vice will ruin him; that vice will be his ruin; ese error le perdió that mistake was his undoing; lo que le pierde es ... where he comes unstuck is ...
6 (Jur) to lose; forfeit
intransitive verb
1 (en competición, disputa) to lose
el equipo perdió por 5-2 the team lost 5-2
tienen o llevan todas las de perder they look certain to lose
saber perder to be a good loser
salir perdiendo
salí perdiendo en el negocio I lost out on the deal; salí perdiendo en la discusión I came off worst in the argument
2 (empeorar)
era un buen cantante, pero ha perdido mucho he was a good singer, but he's gone downhill
han perdido mucho. Siguen la tonica de muchos grupos espanoles, que teniendo una trayectoria ascendente, han dado su maximo con un disco, y a partir de ahi, han bajado su nivel considerablemente
era muy guapo, pero ha perdido bastante he isn't nearly as good-looking as he used to be; ha perdido mucho en mi estimación he has gone down a lot in my estimation
3 [+tela] to fade
4
echar a perder [+comida, sorpresa] to ruin; spoil; [+oportunidad] to waste
has echado a perder la sorpresa
echarse a perder [+comida] to go off; [+sorpresa] to be ruined; be spoiled
pronominal verb
perderse
1 [+persona] to get lost
tenía miedo de perderme I was afraid of getting lost o losing my way; se perdieron en el bosque they got lost in the wood; se perdió en un mar de contradicciones he got lost in a mass of contradictions; ¡piérdete! get lost! (familiar)
2 [+objeto]
se me han perdido las llaves I've lost my keys; ¿qué se les ha perdido en Alemania? what business have they in Germany?
3 [+programa, fiesta] to miss
perderse un programa/algo interesante
perderse algo interesante to miss something interesting; ¡no te lo pierdas! don't miss it!; no se pierde ni una she doesn't miss a thing
4 (desaparecer) to disappear
el tren se perdió en la niebla the train disappeared into the fog; el arroyo se pierde en la roca the stream disappears into the rock
5 (desperdiciarse) to be wasted; go to waste
se pierde mucho tiempo a lot of time is wasted; se pierden muchos talentos naturales a lot of natural talent goes to waste
viviendas de planta baja ya que en subir escaleras se pierde mucho tiempo cada cual quiere aportar la propia opinión, y se pierde mucho tiempo.
nada se pierde con intentar there's no harm in trying
6 (arruinarse) [+persona] to lose one's way; [+cosecha] to be ruined; get spoiled
se perdió por el juego gambling was his ruin o undoing; con la lluvia se ha perdido la cosecha the rain has ruined the crops
7
perderse por algo/algn to be mad about sth/sb
los fanáticos que se pierden por el nuevo invento
perderse por hacer algo to be dying to do sth; long to do sth
8 (Latinoamérica) (prostituirse) to go on the streets
Collins Complete Spanish Electronic Dictionary © HarperCollins Publishers 2011
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