Spanish Words of Semitic Origin

Quick Answer

In this article, we’ll discuss Spanish words of Semitic origin, such as comino(cumin), aceituna(olive), aleluya(hallelujah), and gólem(golem).

Questions This Article Answers

What are Semitic languages?

Examples of Semitic languages?

Examples of Spanish words of Semitic origin?

Are there Spanish names that come from Hebrew?

Semitic Languages

Influence of Semitic Languages on Spanish

Lenguas semíticas(Semitic Languages), or lenguas semitas, is the term used to refer to a family of languages from southwest Asia(Asia) and northeastern África(Africa).

Many Semitic words were introduced into Spanish through other languages, such as griego antiguo(Ancient Greek) or latín(Latin). For example, the word camello(camel) made its way into Spanish through the Latin camēllus, which was taken from the Ancient Greek kámēlos, which in turn was adapted from the Aramaic gamlā.

Some widely-spoken Semitic languages include:

  • acadio(Akkadian)
  • árabe(Arabic)
  • arameo(Aramaic)
  • asirio(Assyrian)
  • fenicio(Phoenician)
  • hebreo(Hebrew)

In this article, we concentrate on words from Semitic languages other than Arabic. To learn more about Spanish words of Arabic origin, check out the following article!

Spanish Words of Arabic Origin

Adaptations, Calques, and Loanwords

  • A linguistic adaptación(adaptation) is a word or phrase taken from another language but adapted to the target language for phonologic, lexical, or syntactic reasons. For example, breeze is an adaptation of the Spanish word brisa.
  • A calco(calque) is a word or phrase translated literally into another language. For example, roadrunner is a calque of the Spanish word correcaminos (correr: to run + caminos: roads).
  • A préstamo lingüístico(loanword) is a word or phrase taken from another language and used in its original form. For example, patio is a loanword taken from Spanish.

Spanish Words of Semitic Origin

The following words are semitismos(words of Semitic origin adapted to Spanish).

Romanized Source LanguageSpanishEnglish
Bābilim (Akkadian)Babel, BabiloniaBabel, Babylon
kamūnu⁠ (Akkadian)cominocumin
napṭu (Akkadian)naftanaphtha
’abbā (Aramaic)abadabbot
bar ʾabbā (Aramaic)BarrabásBarrabbas
šulṭānā (Aramaic)sultánsultan
zaytā (Aramaic)aceiteoil
zaytūnā (Aramaic)aceitunaolive
‘ēden (Hebrew)edénEden
ʾāhāl (Hebrew)aloealoe
āmēn (Hebrew)aménamen
'ashk'nazí (Hebrew)askenazíAshkenazi
Ba'al Zəḇūḇ (Hebrew)BelcebúBeelzebub
Báʿal (Hebrew)BaalBaal
bāśām (Hebrew)bálsamobalm
bet léchem (Hebrew)BelénBethehem
'ēzōb (Hebrew)hisopohyssop
gōrāl (Hebrew)coralcoral
hallĕlū yăh (Hebrew)aleluyahallelujah
hōsha‘ nā (Hebrew)hosannahosanna
ʿiḇrī́ (Hebrew)hebreoHebrew
kāshēr (Hebrew)kosherkosher
kĕrūb (Hebrew)querubíncherubim
khanuká (Hebrew)JanucáHanukkah
kippāh (Hebrew)kipákippah
k'ráv-magá (Hebrew)krav magáKrav Maga
liwyātān (Hebrew)leviatánleviathan
malšīn (Hebrew)malsínsnitch
mān (Hebrew)manámanna
mĕšīāḥ (Hebrew)mesíasmessiah
mō'ābī (Hebrew)moabitaMoabite
mōr (Hebrew)mirramyrrh
pĕlištī (Hebrew)filisteoPhilistine
pĕrūšīm (Hebrew)fariseoPharisee
pesah (Hebrew)pascuaPassover, Easter
qabbālāh (Hebrew)cábalaKabballah
rabbī (Hebrew)rabí, rabinorabbi
šabbāt (Hebrew)sábadoSaturday
sak (Hebrew)sacosack
śāṭān (Hebrew)Satán, SatanásSatan
s'dóm (Hebrew)SodomaSodom
ṣĕdūqī (Hebrew)saduceoSadducean
ṣĕfārad (Hebrew)sefardíSephardi, Sephardic
šēḵār (Hebrew)sidracider
šēm (Hebrew)semitaSemite
šĕnat hayyōbēl (Hebrew)jubileojubilee
serafĭm (Hebrew)serafínseraph
ṭallīt (Hebrew)taledtallit
talˈmūd (Hebrew)TalmudTalmud
tōrāh (Hebrew)toráTorah
yəhōwā (Hebrew)JehováJehovah
yĕhūdī (Hebrew)judíoJew, Jewish
yisra'él (Hebrew)IsraelIsrael
yōd (Hebrew)yodyod
examples
El sábado comí pescado adobado en comino.
On Saturday I ate fish marinated in cumin.
Compré cidra y aceite de oliva.
I bought cider and olive oil.
Conseguí esta kipá en Israel.
I got this kippah in Israel.

Camels Desert

Semitic Loanwords in Spanish

The following list shows Semitic préstamos lingüísticos(loanwords) used in Spanish.

gólemgolem
álefaleph
kibutzkibbutz
examples
El guía nos habló sobre el Gólem de Praga.
The tour guide told us about the Golem of Prague.
Esa letra es el aléf.
That letter is the aleph.
Mi abuelo y sus hermanos eran granjeros en un kibbutz.
My grandfather and his brothers were farmers on a kibutz.

Spanish Names of Semitic Origin

Many Spanish names have a Semitic origin. The following list shows Spanish names of Hebrew origin.

Romanized HebrewMeaningSpanishEnglish
adáornamentAdaAdah
adámearth, man, soilAdánAdam
binyamīnson of daysBenjamínBenjamin
daniyélGod is my judgeDanielDaniel
dāwîḏbelovedDavidDavid
elishévamy God is an oathIsabelElizabeth
eliyahuYahweh is my godElíasElijah
ʾestērstarEsterEsther
gaḇrīʾḗlGod is my strong manGabrielGabriel
ḥawwāaliveEvaEve
heḇelbreathAbelAbel
hosífmay he addJoséJoseph
ʿimánu ʾélGod is with usManuel, EmanuelEmmanuel
mikha'élWho is like God?MiguelMichael
rāfāʾēlGod curesRafaelRaphael
rāḥēleweRaquelRachel
šōšannālilySusanaSusanna
t'ómtwinTomásThomas
ya‘ăqṓḇhe shall heelJacoboJacob
y'ḥezqēlGod strengthensEzequielEzekiel
y'hudítwoman from JudeaJuditJudith
yirm'yáYahweh exaltJeremíasJeremiah
yôḥānānGod is graciousJuanJohn
yonáhdoveJonásJonah