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Culture in Pictures: Colombia

Culture in Pictures: Colombia

12
votes

This series, started by Renaerules, is designed to share the history and culture of Spanish-speaking countries through picture. Each person should include a description of the photo they provide and since this thread is not an excersise I think it would be suitable to post in either Spanish or English and let the readers feel free to make corrections in the comment section.


Officially the "Republic of Colombia" it is located adjacent to Panama and is the first country you enter from the land bridge of Central America into South America. The first European settlement in the continental Americas was Darien in 1510 founded by the Spaniards. Between 1538 and 1561 it was called New Granada. Simón Bolívar united Panama, Colombia, Venezuela,and Ecuador in 1824 as Greater Colombia but later lost Venezuela and Ecuador to seperatists and finally Panama in 1902 because of lease issues over the canal zone. Over the years much of the culture has been overshadowed by political unrest and drug trafficking but this is a pictorial and I don't wish to bring up the negative. The indigenous peoples of the area now known as Colombia were the Carib [from which came the name Caribbean] and the Chibcha both of whom lost over 85% of their population to the Conquistadors through enslavement, killing or disease. Well, so much for not bringing up the negative.

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52902 views
updated Jan 24, 2012
edited by Yeser007
posted by Yeser007

17 Answers

7
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A market place in Bogotá, Colombia. alt text

updated Mar 3, 2011
edited by LuisaGomezBartle
posted by Nicole-B
Los colores son fantasticos. - ray76, May 4, 2010
Thanks Nichole! - Yeser007, May 4, 2010
Hi. I fixed your typo... - LuisaGomezBartle, May 4, 2010
6
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Jungle: Sierra Nevada, Colombia alt text

updated Mar 3, 2011
edited by LuisaGomezBartle
posted by Nicole-B
I just got a flashback of the movie "Romancing the Stone". - Yeser007, May 4, 2010
Hi. I fixed your typo... - LuisaGomezBartle, May 4, 2010
¿"Columbia" sounds American, doesn't it? - Fidalgo, May 4, 2010
6
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Castilla del Oro, Tierra Firme en 1500

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El Virreinato de Nueva Granada fue creado en 1717

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El Virreinato de Nueva Granada en 1810 (desapareció en 1819)

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La República de la Gran Colombia en 1820

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La República de la Nueva Granada en 1832

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La República de la Nueva Granada en 1851

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La República de Colombia en 1905

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These maps includes the disputed region with Brazil (in the state of Amazonas nowadays) which Colombia claimed until 1928

updated May 8, 2010
edited by Fidalgo
posted by Fidalgo
Thanks for the maps Fidalgo...I love the maps! - Nicole-B, May 3, 2010
You're welcome:) - Fidalgo, May 3, 2010
Sorry Fidalgo, I thanked you, but forgot to vote for you. I just took care of that! Adding all of these maps must have taken some time. Great job! - Nicole-B, May 3, 2010
Thank you for your heart of gold. A vote can't be essencial. Your first comment is all for this - Fidalgo, May 3, 2010
This si fantastic Fidalgo, I never knew any of this history,thank you so much , I m now a fan of the area. - ray76, May 4, 2010
¡Excelente mi amigo! - Yeser007, May 4, 2010
5
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Baile de la Cumbia

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Near the end of the 17th century in the Caribbean coastal towns of Colombia, slave owners gave their human property – men from Africa, as well as the men and women the conquistadors had taken from local Amerindian tribes – permission to play music and dance on certain holidays. On those days, they danced the cumbia.

The cumbia gets its name from the cumbè, a dance that originated in Guinea. In the colombian version, men and women came to the event dressed entirely in white – the women wore long, multi-layered skirts and the men carried bundles of candles or torches, which were lit and held as they gathered in a circle.

One at a time, couples moved to the center to dance their flirtation. The woman would lift her skirt, simultaneously pushing the man away and enticing him closer. The dance evolved against rhythms surrounding them, the man attempting to win over the woman with his dancing and by ritually passing her fire from his bouquet of candles.

African percussion and rhythms, Spanish structure and Amerindian melodies and melancholy all combine to create cumbia. Many ethnomusicologists consider it the Queen of the Latin Rhythms – the mother of son, salsa, merengue and other Latin music. Listening to the underlying beats, one can hear in cumbia’s shuffles and breaks the lilts and jumps of many other Caribbean-Latin styles. This hybrid music, created to provide the setting for flirtation and celebration, may mark the first true tricultural amalgam of music.

The confluence of traditional instruments also produced an unusual fusion. Although the cumbia began with African drums and voice, soon native wind instruments, such as the gaita (a flute with a sharp tone), cane flutes and Spanish instruments, such as guitars and ouds ( a type of lute), entered the arrangements. Through the years, cumbia has continued to develop, adding caja drums, scrapers and frequently squeezeboxes along side trombones, clarinets, saxophones, trumpets and synthesizers. alt text

The look of cumbia has changed, too, as the clothing has become brighter and the dance is frequently performed by troupes of women.

Cumbia has evolved into one of Colombia’s cultural treasures. Two anthems, "La Pollera Colora" and "La Cumbia Cienaguera," are as ingrained into the culture and history of Colombia as "This Land is My Land" is to the United States. alt text

cumbia colombiana

Según el compositor José Barros, uno de los más ilustres cultores de la cumbia: "La cumbia nació en Colombia en el país de Pocabuy" (país indígena de Colombia). (...) La cumbia es una danza y ritmo con contenidos de tres vertientes culturales distintas, a saber: negra, blanca -española-, e indígena, siendo fruto del largo e intenso mestizaje dado entre estas culturas durante la conquista y colonia de las tierras americanas. La presencia de estos elementos culturales se puede apreciar así:

  • -presencia de movimientos sensuales, marcadamente galantes, seductores, característicos de los bailes de origen africano.
  • -las vestiduras tienen claros rasgos españoles, muy parecidas a las del actual flamenco: largas polleras, encajes, lentejuelas, candongas, etc. Y los mismos tocados de flores y el maquillaje intenso en las mujeres. Las vestimentas de los hombres, por otro lado, son muy parecidas a las usadas en los encierros en el marco de las fiestas de San Fermín en Pamplona: camisa y pantalón blancos, un pañolón rojo anudado al cuello y sombrero.
  • -en la instrumentación están los tambores de claro origen africano, las maracas, el guache y los pitos (millo y gaitas) de origen indígena, mientras que los cantos y coplas son aporte de la poética española, aunque adaptadas luego.

La gaita es un instrumento aerófono de ancestro indígena: flauta derecha fabricada a partir del corazón del cardón, con una formación de cera en uno de sus extremos en donde se hace una ranura y se inserta un apéndice cilíndrico, generalmente la base de una pluma de pato, a manera de canal y boquilla, respectivamente, con orificios variables entre 3 y 6 hacia la parte baja del cuerpo.

Se le llama de esta forma por la similitud de su sonido con el de las gaitas de pico de los españoles.

La gaita hembra, de 5 orificios, proporciona la melodía. Su acompañante, a contra punto, la gaita macho, de 2 orificios, cumple una función marcante e imprime una profunda virilidad en el tañido de su lamento.

Un gaitero interpreta la gaita macho con una mano y con la otra, a la vez con gran destreza, la maraca, y sus labios sólo sueltan la gaita para cantar. Es un instrumento muy importante en la región caribe porque le da ritmo a la cumbia, así como a los otros ritmos que se pueden interpretar con ellas: el porro, la gaita instrumental y el merengue.

Los tambores (alegre, llamador y tambora), son instrumentos membranófonos de percusión, de origen africano, que constan de una caja de resonancia, generalmente cilíndrica, aunque a veces algo cónica, y una o dos membranas o parches de cuero animal, que cubren la abertura de la caja.

Para producir el sonido el tambor es golpeado generalmente con la mano o algún objeto, comúnmente baquetas y también se suele percutir la caja. En los tambores se distinguen:

  • -el llamador, el tambor más pequeño de todos, también llamado macho, que marca la cadencia rítmica o compás, por lo cual es al único que no se permiten los llamados "revuelos" o "lujos" en su interpretación.
  • -el alegre o hembra, tambor que marca la melodía; "juguetea" con las notas de las melodías dictadas por los instrumentos líderes en este sentido y que se adorna con complejas y alegres improvisaciones sobre todo al final de la frase melódica, durante su ejecución.
  • la tambora, tambor mayor en su tamaño y único con dos cueros, uno en cada boca de la caja de resonancia, en el cual recae toda la responsabilidad de la pronunciación del acento sonoro característico de los aires tradicionales en el acompañamiento de cada pieza musical. Proporciona adornos y el bajo.

Voz de etimología guaraní (mbaraka [mba?a'ka]) o taína que nombra al instrumento idiófono de origen indígena, formado por una parte esférica de calabaza seca, en nuestro medio generalmente de totumo (calabaza colombiana), con semillas o piedrecillas en su interior y un mango de palo que atraviesa o se adhiere al totumo y le sirve, a la vez, de sostén. Acompañan a la gaita macho y proporcionan el "brillo" en la canción.

updated Mar 3, 2011
posted by renaerules
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yf9PvSpq2Lo&feature=related Loquito por Tí! Gracias Renae. :) - galsally, May 5, 2010
5
votes

Juan Esteban Aristizábal Vásquez (Medellin, Antioquia, Colombia, 9 de agosto de 1972), más conocido como Juanes, es un cantante, compositor, arreglista y activista colombiano de Pop y Rock en español, Que fusiona diversos ritmos musicales. Es además un declarado activista de causas sociales y humanitarias. Su canción más famosa es Tengo la camisa negra.

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updated May 5, 2010
edited by Issabela
posted by Issabela
An icon in Colombia's modern day culture, thanks Issa. - Yeser007, May 4, 2010
Loove that song! thanks again Issa. :) - galsally, May 5, 2010
You forgot to mention Shakira. - BellaMargarita, May 5, 2010
4
votes

Las momias en Colombia

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updated May 5, 2010
edited by Fidalgo
posted by Fidalgo
Where were these found , and who did this and what was done to them,heart wrenching stuff, thanks again. - ray76, May 4, 2010
Great photos!! - Yeser007, May 4, 2010
A lot of them belongs to Guane society, some others belong to Muisca, Lache, Yukpa people. The Guane occupied many regions in the Colombian deparment of Santander (8th or 9th -13th century) and the cultural mummification existed in the years 200-1520. - Fidalgo, May 4, 2010
3
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alt text Fue fundada en 1533 por Don Pedro de Heredia, al pricipio se la llamó "La llave de las Indias"

updated Dec 22, 2011
edited by melipiru
posted by melipiru
¡Qué magnífica arquitectura! Gracias meli - Yeser007, May 5, 2010
3
votes

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soccer - fútbol

updated Mar 3, 2011
posted by voeglerd
muchas gracias - Yeser007, May 4, 2010
3
votes

Catedral de Sal de Zipaquirá, Colombia

The original cathedral was carved out of an active salt mine beginning in 1950. Inaugurated in 1954, the cathedral the only lasted for 36 years before authorities, worried about its structural soundness, shut it down. This, however, did not deter the town of Zipaquira. In 1991, only a year after shuttering the old cathedral, work began on a new salt church some 200 feet below the old one.

The current salt cathedral is roughly 75 meters long and 25 meters high, with a giant cross carved into the back wall. It can theoretically accommodate 10,000 people. Smaller naves dug out around the main chamber illustrate the life of Christ from birth to crucifixion. While clearly devoted to Catholicism, the salt "cathedral" is not in fact recognized by the Church, and has no official status. This doesn't stop the 3,000-plus visitors that come to the cathedral on most Sundays from praising the glory of both God and his mineral-ensconced home. (from Atlas Obscura)

Catedral de Sal de Zipaquirá (from Atlas Obscura) Catedral de Sal de Zipaquirá 1 (from Atlas Obscura) Catedral de Sal de Zipaquirá 2 (from Wikipedia)

Catedral de Sal de Zipaquirá 3 (from Wikipedia)

updated May 5, 2010
edited by Rikko
posted by Rikko
Es una iglesia única en el mundo - Fidalgo, May 4, 2010
Increíble Rikko - wow!! - galsally, May 5, 2010
3
votes

This has blown my mind ! A mixture of horror , and yet such beauty and Art the likes of which I have not seen before , I cannot but feel so humble by what was done by these Indigenous peoples ,.We in the West tend to believe that our English speaking world is superior and that nothing exists outside of our society, I thank you for showing me another exciting and beautiful part of another world of which i knew so little of, but intend to visit before it is too late.

updated May 5, 2010
posted by ray76
Fidalgo has outdone himself on this one. - Yeser007, May 4, 2010
3
votes

Just a cool bear statue, Bogotá, Colombia<br/>This travel blog photo's source is TravelPod page: Just a cool bear statue, Bogotá, Colombia

Cool jug, Bogotá, Colombia<br/>This travel blog photo's source is TravelPod page: Cool jug, Bogotá, Colombia

Better than a twinset and pearls...., Bogotá, Colombia<br/>This travel blog photo's source is TravelPod page: Better than a twinset and pearls...., Bogotá, Colombia

Remarkably like the go-go gourd in the LCP trip, Bogotá, Colombia<br/>This travel blog photo's source is TravelPod page: Remarkably like the go-go gourd in the LCP trip, Bogotá, Colombia

Gold panter mask, Bogotá, Colombia<br/>This travel blog photo's source is TravelPod page: Gold panter mask, Bogotá, Colombia

More gold, Museo del Oro, Bogota, Bogotá, Colombia<br/>This travel blog photo's source is TravelPod page: More gold, Museo del Oro, Bogota, Bogotá, Colombia

Close-up of yet more gold..., Bogotá, Colombia<br/>This travel blog photo's source is TravelPod page: Close-up of yet more gold..., Bogotá, Colombia

Another go-go gourd!, Bogotá, Colombia<br/>This travel blog photo's source is TravelPod page: Another go-go gourd!, Bogotá, Colombia

More beads than a hippy shop!, Bogotá, Colombia<br/>This travel blog photo's source is TravelPod page: More beads than a hippy shop!, Bogotá, Colombia

Like you are totally wearing that bling!!, Bogotá, Colombia<br/>This travel blog photo's source is TravelPod page: Like you are totally wearing that bling!!, Bogotá, Colombia

updated May 5, 2010
edited by Fidalgo
posted by Fidalgo
Thanks D, I think this country has a lot to offer and you've captured it. - Yeser007, May 4, 2010
3
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Current map: alt text

updated May 5, 2010
edited by Nicole-B
posted by Nicole-B
2
votes
updated May 5, 2010
edited by Yeser007
posted by Yeser007
¿Which product rank first and second? - Fidalgo, May 4, 2010
Fidalgo, according to Wikipedia, coffee is Colombia's main agricultural product. As of 2009 though, they are now only the 4th largest producer - behind Brazil, Vietnam, and Indonesia. - Rikko, May 4, 2010
Thanks Rikko, I've corrected that fact. - Yeser007, May 5, 2010
2
votes
updated May 5, 2010
posted by Yeser007
2
votes

Indigenous natives to the Colombian region.

updated May 5, 2010
posted by Yeser007