1(in direct and indirect questions, reported speech)
[Where] in direct questions as well as after report verbs and expressions of (un)certainty and doubt (e.g. [no sé]) usually translates as [dónde] (with an accent), sometimes preceded by a preposition:
dónde
where am I?¿dónde estoy?;where are you going (to)?¿a dónde or adónde vas?;¿dónde vas?;where have you come from?¿de dónde has venido?;where can I have put my keys (down)?¿dónde or en dónde puedo haber puesto las llaves?;where should we be if ...?¿a dónde or adónde habríamos ido a parar si ...?
where will it all end?
where did we go wrong?¿en qué nos equivocamos?;can you tell me where there's a chemist's?¿puede decirme dónde hay una farmacia?;I don't know where she livesno sé dónde vive
2(in other statements)(the place that)
[Where] in other statements is usually translated as [donde] (without an accent), again often preceded by a preposition:
donde
there's a telephone box near where I livehay una cabina cerca de donde vivo;this is where we found itaquí es donde lo encontramos;that's where we got to in the last lessonhasta aquí llegamos en la última clase
from where I'm sitting
that's just where you're wrong!¡en eso te equivocas!;¡ahí es donde te equivocas!;that's where I disagree with youen eso no estoy de acuerdo contigo;ahí es donde no estoy de acuerdo contigo;where this book is dangerous is in suggesting that ...el aspecto peligroso de este libro es la sugerencia de que ...
(after noun)donde
this is the hotel where we stayedeste es el hotel donde or en el que estuvimos;the beach where we picnickedla playa donde or a la que or adonde fuimos de picnic;we went to visit the house where Diego was bornfuimos a visitar la casa (en) donde nació Diego
the shop where they sell cut-price furniturethe school where I worked
conjunction
1(if)
where husband and wife both work, benefits are ...en el caso de que los dos esposos trabajen, los beneficios son ...;where possibleen lo posible
2(whereas)mientras que;cuando
sometimes a teacher will be listened to where a parent might nota veces a un maestro se le hace caso, mientras que or cuando a un padre tal vez no
where some people write a brief report, he writes pages and pages of prose