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QUICK ANSWER
"Sofía" is a proper noun which is often translated as "Sophia", and "cuánto tiempo" is a phrase which is often translated as "how long". Learn more about the difference between "Sofía" and "cuánto tiempo" below.
Sofía(
soh
-
fee
-
ah
)A proper noun refers to the name of a person, place, or thing.
cuánto tiempo(
kwahn
-
toh
tyehm
-
poh
)A phrase is a group of words commonly used together (e.g., once upon a time).
b. how much time
¿Adónde te vas de vacaciones y por cuánto tiempo?Where are you going on vacation and for how much time?