QUICK ANSWER
"La aspirante" is a form of "aspirante", a noun which is often translated as "applicant". "El" is a form of "el", a definite article which is often translated as "the". Learn more about the difference between "la aspirante" and "el" below.
el aspirante, la aspirante, aspirante(
ahs
-
pee
-
rahn
-
teh
)This means that the noun can be masculine or feminine, depending on the gender of the noun it refers to (e.g., el doctor, la doctora).
a. applicant
Los aspirantes deben enviar su currículum vitae por fax.Applicants must fax in their résumés.
b. candidate
Solo uno de los aspirantes tiene experiencia en contaduría.Only one of the candidates has experience in accountancy.
c. aspirant
El dictador encarcelaba o desterraba a cualquier aspirante al poder.The dictator would incarcerate or banish any aspirant to power.
d. contender
El aspirante canceló la pelea debido a una lesión.The contender suspended the fight because of an injury.
An adjective is a word that describes a noun (e.g., the big dog).
el(
ehl
)A definite article is a word that identifies a noun as specific or known to the speaker (e.g., the girl).