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"Esdrújulas" is a form of "esdrújula", an adjective which is often translated as "stressed on the third-to-last syllable". "Graves" is a form of "gravar", a transitive verb which is often translated as "to tax". Learn more about the difference between "esdrújulas" and "graves" below.
esdrújula(
ehs
-
droo
-
hoo
-
lah
)An adjective is a word that describes a noun (e.g., the big dog).
1. (phonetics)
a. stressed on the third-to-last syllable
La palabra "régimen" es una palabra esdrújula.The word "régimen" is another word stressed on the third-to-last syllable.
b. with the stress on the antepenultimate syllable (formal)
A word or phrase used to refer to the second person formal “usted” by their conjugation or implied context (e.g., usted).
"Ábaco" y "sábado" son palabras esdrújulas."Ábaco" and "sábado" are words with the stress on the antepenultimate syllable.
c. proparoxytone (technical)
A word or phrase that is only used by experts, professionals, or academics in a particular field (e.g., exposition).
La palabra "círculo" en español es esdrújula.The Spanish word "círculo" is proparoxytone.
A feminine noun is almost always used with feminine articles and adjectives (e.g., la mujer bonita, la luna llena).
2. (phonetics)
a. word stressed on the third-to-last syllable
¿Sabías que la palabra "esdrújula" quiere decir y es una esdrújula?Did you know that the word "esdrújula" both means and is a word stressed on the third-to-last syllable?
En español, las esdrújulas llevan acento escrito.In Spanish, words stressed on the third-to-last syllable are written with an accent.
b. word with the stress on the antepenultimate syllable (formal)
A word or phrase used to refer to the second person formal “usted” by their conjugation or implied context (e.g., usted).
Me equivoqué al escribir una esdrújula.I made a mistake when writing a word with the stress on the antepenultimate syllable.
c. proparoxytone (technical)
A word or phrase that is only used by experts, professionals, or academics in a particular field (e.g., exposition).
Las esdrújulas en español siempre se escriben con tilde.Proparoxytones in Spanish are always written with an accent.
gravar(
grah
-
bahr
)A transitive verb is a verb that requires a direct object (e.g., I bought a book.).
a. to tax
El país grava las importaciones de los Estados miembros.The country taxes imports from Member States.
b. to levy a tax on
Gravar las bebidas alcohólicas para recaudar más dinero no tiene muchos apoyos.Levying a tax on alcoholic drinks to increase receipts is not widely supported.
c. to mortgage (real estate)
El gobierno está estudiando a gravar las viviendas vacías.The government is considering mortgaging empty homes.
a. to burden
El mantenimiento de un coche grava mucho los gastos mensuales de una familia.The maintenance of a car burdens much of the monthly expenses of a family.
gravarse
A pronominal verb always uses a reflexive pronoun. (e.g., Te ves cansado.).
a. to get worse
El estado del paciente se gravó pese a estar en cuidados intensivos.The patient's state got worse despite being in intensive care.
