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QUICK ANSWER
"El" is a form of "el", a definite article which is often translated as "the". "La mesa" is a form of "mesa", a noun which is often translated as "table". Learn more about the difference between "el" and "la mesa" below.
el(
ehl
)A definite article is a word that identifies a noun as specific or known to the speaker (e.g., the girl).
la mesa(
meh
-
sah
)A feminine noun is almost always used with feminine articles and adjectives (e.g., la mujer bonita, la luna llena).
1. (furniture)
3. (geography)
a. plateau
Desde la mesa se podía ver todo el horizonte.We could see the whole horizon from the plateau.