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QUICK ANSWER
"Cuándo naciste" is a form of "cuándo naciste", a phrase which is often translated as "when were you born". "Dónde" is a form of "dónde", an adverb which is often translated as "where". Learn more about the difference between "cuándo naciste" and "dónde" below.
cuándo naciste(
kwahn
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doh
nah
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sees
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teh
)A phrase is a group of words commonly used together (e.g., once upon a time).
1. (informal) (in questions; singular)
A word or phrase used to refer to the second person informal “tú” by their conjugation or implied context (e.g., How are you?).
a. when were you born
¿Cuándo naciste que no conoces esa canción?When were you born that you never heard that song?
2. (informal) (in statements; singular)
A word or phrase used to refer to the second person informal “tú” by their conjugation or implied context (e.g., How are you?).
a. when you were born
Dime cuándo naciste y te digo de qué signo eres.Tell me when you were born, and I'll tell you what sign you are.
dónde(
dohn
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deh
)An adverb is a word that describes a verb, an adjective, or other adverbs (e.g., to run quickly, very tired).
a. where
¿Dónde quieren construir el edificio los arquitectos?Where do the architects want to build the building?
2. (colloquial) (in questions) (Latin America)
A word or phrase that is commonly used in conversational speech (e.g., skinny, grandma).
Regionalism used in Latin America: all the countries in South America, Central America, and the Caribbean. Does not include Spain.
a. how
¿Dónde iba a saber que cambiaste de opinión si no me lo dijiste?How was I to know that you'd changed your mind if you didn't tell me?