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"Adjudicad" is a form of "adjudicar", a transitive verb which is often translated as "to award". "Afines" is a form of "afinar", a transitive verb which is often translated as "to tune". Learn more about the difference between "adjudicad" and "afines" below.
adjudicar(
ahd
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hoo
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dee
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kahr
)A transitive verb is a verb that requires a direct object (e.g., I bought a book.).
1. (to assign)
a. to award
El jurado adjudicó el premio a la pareja de bailarines que actuó en primer lugar.The panel of judges awarded the prize to the pair of dancers that performed first.
b. to allocate
El estado adjudica las plazas universitarias en función de la nota obtenida en este examen.The state allocates university places according to the mark obtained on this exam.
c. to allot
En la tienda, se ha adjudicado un color a cada talla, de modo que a los clientes les resulta más fácil identificarlas.In the store, each size has been alloted a color; that way it's easier for customers to identify them.
2. (to auction)
a. to sell
El cuadro ha sido adjudicado por $5,000 al caballero sentado al fondo de la sala.The painting has been sold for $5,000 to the gentleman sitting at the back of the room.
adjudicarse
A pronominal verb always uses a reflexive pronoun. (e.g., Te ves cansado.).
a. to claim
Mi papá siempre se adjudica el sillón más cómodo.My dad always claims the most comfortable chair.
4. (to assume)
a. to take
No intentes adjudicarte un logro que sabes que no es tuyo.Don't take the credit for an achievement that you know isn't yours.
b. to claim
Se adjudicó todo el mérito por un descubrimiento que había sido fruto del trabajo en equipo.She claimed all the credit for a discovery that had been the result of teamwork.
5. (to achieve)
a. to win
Hoy el tenista se adjudicó la victoria que le permitirá disputar la final.Today the tennis player won the victory that will allow him to play in the final.
afinar(
ah
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fee
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nahr
)A transitive verb is a verb that requires a direct object (e.g., I bought a book.).
2. (to hone)
a. to polish
La gimnasta tiene que afinar sus movimientos finales.The gymnast needs to polish her ending poses.
b. to perfect
Tienes buena velocidad, pero tienes que afinar tu técnica.Your speed is great, but you need to perfect your technique.
c. to refine
Viajé a París para practicar y afinar mi francés.I traveled to Paris to practice and refine my French.
3. (to point)
a. to sharpen
El cazador afinó la punta de la lanza con un cuchillo.The hunter sharpened the end of the spear with a knife.
4. (mechanics) (Latin America)
Regionalism used in Latin America: all the countries in South America, Central America, and the Caribbean. Does not include Spain.
a. to tune up
El mecánico afinó el motor de mi coche para aumentar los caballos de fuerza.The mechanic tuned up my car to give it more horsepower.
An intransitive verb is one that does not require a direct object (e.g., The man sneezed.).
a. to sing in tune (singer)
Puedo afinar, pero no tengo una voz potente.I can sing in tune, but my voice is not powerful.
b. to play in tune (musician)
Uno de los violinistas del cuarteto de cuerdas no está afinando.One of the violinists in the string quartet is not playing in tune.
a. to tune up
La banda va a subir al escenario cuando terminen de afinar.The band will go on stage after tuning up.
afinarse
A pronominal verb always uses a reflexive pronoun. (e.g., Te ves cansado.).
a. to become polished
El estilo de López se afinó cuando recibió lecciones del compositor Ibáñez.Lopez's style became polished when he received lessons from the composer Ibanez.
a. to become thinner
El túnel se afinaba cerca de la salida.The tunnel became thinner towards the exit.
