Checkpoint 42

Quick Answer

¡Hola!In the lessons leading up to these checkpoint lessons, you learned to do the following in Spanish:

• talk about conditional outcomes and results using the subjunctive

• use vocabulary related to nature

• learn about the Galapagos Islands

• give advice about going abroad

• use vocabulary related to culture

• use vocabulary related to a formal complaint

• ask for and give advice

• discuss mistakes

• use vocabulary related to studies

• organize a study group in Spanish

Vocabulary

Let’s review the vocabulary you learned!

Adjectives

Spanish	English
amenazado	threatened
auténtico	authentic
genuino	genuine
geológico	geological
humilde	humble
isleño	island
registrado	on record, recorded
respetuoso	respectful

Adverbs

Spanish	English
detalladamente	in detail
eficazmente	effectively
pacíficamente	peacefully

Adverb Phrase

Spanish	English
con soltura	with ease
de nuevo	again
por adelantado	in advance
por escrito	in writing

Conjunction Phrases

Spanish	English
de manera que	so that
de modo que	so that

Nouns

Spanish	English
la armonía	harmony
la autenticidad	authenticity
el ave	bird
los binoculares	binoculars
el caso	case
el chat	group chat
la comunidad	community
la conciencia	awareness
la consecuencia	consequence
la creencia	belief
Darwin	Darwin
el detalle	detail
la distracción	distraction
el enlace	link
el entendimiento	understanding
el esnórquel	snorkel
el estereotipo	stereotype
la frustración	frustration
el gesto	gesture
la geología	geology
el juicio	judgement
la langosta	rock lobster
el malentendido	misunderstanding
la marea	tide
la paja	straw (dry stalk of grain)
el pingüino	penguin
la pizarra	board
el, la pirata	pirate
el protocolo	protocol
la queja	complaint
el recurso	resource
la reforestación	reforestation
el resumen	summary
la revisión	review
el rotulador	marker
la sala	room
la seriedad	seriousness
la sesión	session
el tema	lesson, topic
la urgencia	urgency

Noun Phrases

Spanish	English
la forma de vida	way of life
el lobo marino	sea lion

Verbs

Here are the verbs you learned!

Spanish	English
adjuntar	to attach
coexistir	to coexist
comunicarse	to communicate
concentrarse	to concentrate
conservar	to protect, to preserve
empaparse	to get steeped in (knowledge, culture), to get soaked
especificar	to specify
evitar	to avoid
expresar	to express
fijar	to set
fomentar	to promote
honrar	to honor
huir	to fly away (birds), to escape, to run away
imaginar	to imagine
integrarse	to integrate
interactuar	to interact
ofender	to offend
quemarse	to get burned
recopilar	to gather
repasar	to review
responsabilizarse	to accept responsibility

Adjuntar

Adjuntar(to attach) is an -ar verb that is regular in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	adjunte	I attach
tú	adjuntes	you attach	informal singular you
vos	adjuntes	you attach	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	adjunte	he, she attaches
usted	adjunte	you attach	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	adjuntemos	we attach
vosotros, vosotras	adjuntéis	you attach	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	adjunten	they attach
ustedes	adjunten	you attach	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Coexistir

Coexistir(to coexist) is an -ir verb that is regular in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	coexista	I coexist
tú	coexistas	you coexist	informal singular you
vos	coexistas	you coexist	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	coexista	he, she coexists
usted	coexista	you coexist	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	coexistamos	we coexist
vosotros, vosotras	coexistáis	you coexist	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	coexistan	they coexist
ustedes	coexistan	you coexist	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Concentrarse

Concentrarse(to concentrate) is an -ar pronominal verb that is regular in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	me concentre	I concentrate
tú	te concentres	you concentrate	informal singular you
vos	te concentres	you concentrate	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	se concentre	he, she protects
usted	se concentre	you concentrate	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	nos concentremos	we concentrate
vosotros, vosotras	os concentréis	you concentrate	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	se concentren	they concentrate
ustedes	se concentren	you concentrate	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Conservar

Conservar(to protect) is an -ar verb that is regular in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	conserve	I protect
tú	conserves	you protect	informal singular you
vos	conserves	you protect	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	conserve	he, she conserves
usted	conserve	you protect	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	conservemos	we protect
vosotros, vosotras	conservéis	you protect	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	conserven	they protect
ustedes	conserven	you protect	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Empaparse

Empaparse(to get steeped in) is an -ar pronominal verb that is regular in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	me empape	I get steeped in
tú	te empapes	you get steeped in	informal singular you
vos	te empapes	you get steeped in	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	se empape	he, she gets steeped in
usted	se empape	you get steeped in	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	nos empapemos	we get steeped in
vosotros, vosotras	os empapéis	you get steeped in	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	se empapen	they get steeped in
ustedes	se empapen	you get steeped in	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Especificar

Especificar(to specify) is an -ar verb that has a stem change in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	especifique	I specify
tú	especifiques	you specify	informal singular you
vos	especifiques	you specify	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	especifique	he, she specifies
usted	especifique	you specify	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	especifiquemos	we specify
vosotros, vosotras	especifiquéis	you specify	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	especifiquen	they specify
ustedes	especifiquen	you specify	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Evitar

Evitar(to avoid) is an -ar verb that is regular in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	evite	I avoid
tú	evites	you avoid	informal singular you
vos	evites	you avoid	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	evite	he, she avoids
usted	evite	you avoid	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	evitemos	we avoid
vosotros, vosotras	evitéis	you avoid	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	eviten	they avoid
ustedes	eviten	you avoid	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Expresar

Expresar(to express) is an -ar verb that is regular in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	exprese	I express
tú	expreses	you express	informal singular you
vos	expreses	you express	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	exprese	he, she expresses
usted	exprese	you express	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	expresemos	we express
vosotros, vosotras	expreséis	you express	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	expresen	they express
ustedes	expresen	you express	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Fomentar

Fomentar(to promote) is an -ar verb that is regular in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	fomente	I promote
tú	fomentes	you promote	informal singular you
vos	fomentes	you promote	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	fomente	he, she promotes
usted	fomente	you promote	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	fomentemos	we promote
vosotros, vosotras	fomentéis	you promote	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	fomenten	they promote
ustedes	fomenten	you promote	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Huir

Huir(to fly away) is an -ir verb that has a stem change in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	huya	I fly away
tú	huyas	you fly away	informal singular you
vos	huyas	you fly away	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	huya	he, she flies away
usted	huya	you fly away	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	huyamos	we fly away
vosotros, vosotras	huyáis	you fly away	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	huyan	they fly away
ustedes	huyan	you fly away	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Honrar

Honrar(to honor) is an -ar verb that is regular in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	honre	I honor
tú	honres	you honor	informal singular you
vos	honres	you honor	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	honre	he, she honors
usted	honre	you honor	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	honremos	we honor
vosotros, vosotras	honréis	you honor	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	honren	they honor
ustedes	honren	you honor	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Imaginar

Imaginar(to imagine) is an -ar verb that is regular in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	imagine	I imagine
tú	imagines	you imagine	informal singular you
vos	imagines	you imagine	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	imagine	he, she imagines
usted	imagine	you imagine	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	imaginemos	we imagine
vosotros, vosotras	imaginéis	you imagine	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	imaginen	they imagine
ustedes	imaginen	you imagine	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Integrarse

Integrarse(to integrate) is an -ar pronominal verb that is regular in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	me integre	I integrate
tú	te integres	you integrate	informal singular you
vos	te integres	you integrate	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	se integre	he, she integrates
usted	se integre	you integrate	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	nos integremos	we integrate
vosotros, vosotras	os integréis	you integrate	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	se integren	they integrate
ustedes	se integren	you integrate	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Interactuar

Interactuar(to interact) is an -ar verb that has a stem change in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	interactúe	I interact
tú	interactúes	you interact	informal singular you
vos	interactúes	you interact	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	interactúe	he, she interacts
usted	interactúe	you interact	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	interactuemos	we interact
vosotros, vosotras	interactuéis	you interact	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	interactúen	they interact
ustedes	interactúen	you interact	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Ofender

Ofender(to offend) is an -er verb that is regular in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	ofenda	I offend
tú	ofendas	you offend	informal singular you
vos	ofendas	you offend	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	ofenda	he, she offends
usted	ofenda	you offend	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	ofendamos	we offend
vosotros, vosotras	ofendáis	you offend	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	ofendan	they offend
ustedes	ofendan	you offend	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Quemarse

Quemarse(to get burned) is an -ar pronominal verb that is regular in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	me queme	I get burned
tú	te quemes	you get burned	informal singular you
vos	te quemes	you get burned	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	se queme	he, she gets burned
usted	se queme	you get burned	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	nos quememos	we get burned
vosotros, vosotras	os queméis	you get burned	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	se quemen	they get burned
ustedes	se quemen	you get burned	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Repasar

Repasar(to review) is an -ar verb that is regular in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	repase	I review
tú	repases	you review	informal singular you
vos	repases	you review	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	repase	he, she reviews
usted	repase	you review	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	repasemos	we review
vosotros, vosotras	repaséis	you review	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	repasen	they review
ustedes	repasen	you review	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Responsabilizarse

Responsabilizarse(to accept responsibility) is a pronominal -ar verb that has a stem change in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	me responsabilice	I accept responsibility
tú	te responsabilices	you accept responsibility	informal singular you
vos	te responsabilices	you accept responsibility	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	se responsabilice	he, she accepts responsibility
usted	se responsabilice	you accept responsibility	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	nos responsabilicemos	we accept responsibility
vosotros, vosotras	os responsabilicéis	you accept responsibility	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	se responsabilicen	they accept responsibility
ustedes	se responsabilicen	you accept responsibility	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Verb Phrase

Here is the verb phrase you learned!

Spanish	English
ponerse a prueba	to put oneself to the test

Ponerse a Prueba

Ponerse a prueba(to put oneself to the test) is a pronominal -er verb phrase that has a stem change in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	me ponga a prueba	I put myself to the test
tú	te pongas a prueba	you put yourself to the test	informal singular you
vos	te pongas a prueba	you put yourself to the test	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	se ponga a prueba	he, she puts himself/herself to the test
usted	se ponga a prueba	you put yourself to the test	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	nos pongamos a prueba	we put ourselves to the test
vosotros, vosotras	os pongáis a prueba	you put yourselves to the test	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	se pongan a prueba	they put themselves to the test
ustedes	se pongan a prueba	you put yourselves to the test	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)