Checkpoint 40

Quick Answer

¡Hola!In the lessons leading up to these checkpoint lessons, you learned to do the following in Spanish:

• talk about Holy Week

• use vocabulary related to Easter celebrations in the Spanish-speaking world

• use the subjunctive to talk about conditional outcomes

• use vocabulary related to college

• talk about enrolling in courses

• give explanations using as long as and unless

• talk about studying

• make plans

• use vocabulary related to tennis

• talk about sports

Vocabulary

Let’s review the vocabulary you learned!

Adjectives

Spanish	English
anual	annual
diligente	diligent
espiritual	spiritual
óptimo	optimal
principiante	beginner
semestral	semester-long
válido	valid
virtual	virtual

Adverb

Spanish	English
semanalmente	weekly

Adverbial Phrase

Spanish	English
a fondo	thoroughly

Conjunctive Phrase

Spanish	English
con tal de que	as long as
dado que	since
siempre y cuando	as long as

Nouns

Spanish	English
el acuerdo	agreement
el alumno, la alumna	student
el anda	platform
la asistencia	attendance
el cofrade	member of a brotherhood
la cofradía	brotherhood
la contabilidad	accounting
el crédito	credit
el debate	debate
la devoción	devotion
la disponibilidad	availability
el entrenamiento	training session
la equipación	gear
el golpe	stroke
la lingüística	linguistics
la matrícula	enrollment (form)
el, la miembro	member
la palma	palm leaf, palm
el pañuelo	tissue
el pepián	pepian
la preparación	training, preparation
la procesión	procession
la raqueta	racket
el recordatorio	reminder
la reflexión	reflection
el saque	serve
la sección	section
el torneo	tournament

Noun Phrases

Spanish	English
la alfombra de flores	carpet of flowers
la condición física	physical shape
el grupo de estudio	study group
la imagen religiosa	religious image
el libro de texto	textbook
la ola de calor	heatwave
el partido de dobles	doubles match
el sitio web	website

Prepositional Phrase

Spanish	English
sin que	without

Verbs

Here are the verbs you learned!

Spanish	English
aguantar	to keep up, to stand
atrasar	to delay
cancelar	to cancel
cancelarse	to cancel
competir	to compete
comprometerse	to commit to
coordinar	to coordinate
desfilar	to parade
dirigir	to lead
enterarse	to find out
esforzarse	to make an effort
evocar	to evoke
fallar	to fail
impedir	to prevent
llenarse	to fill up
madrugar	to get up early
mojarse	to get wet
notar	to notice
proponerse	to put one’s mind to
reflexionar	to reflect
reprogramar	to reschedule
resguardarse	to take shelter
surgir	to come up

Aguantar

Aguantar(to keep up) is an -ar verb that is regular in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	aguante	I keep up
tú	aguantes	you keep up	informal singular you
vos	aguantes	you keep up	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	aguante	he, she keeps up
usted	aguante	you keep up	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	aguantemos	we keep up
vosotros, vosotras	aguantéis	you keep up	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	aguanten	they keep up
ustedes	aguanten	you keep up	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Atrasar

Atrasar(to delay) is an -ar verb that is regular in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	atrase	I delay
tú	atrases	you delay	informal singular you
vos	atrases	you delay	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	atrase	he, she delays
usted	atrase	you delay	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	atrasemos	we delay
vosotros, vosotras	atraséis	you delay	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	atrasen	they delay
ustedes	atrasen	you delay	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Cancelar

Cancelar(to cancel) is an -ar verb that is regular in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	cancele	I cancel
tú	canceles	you cancel	informal singular you
vos	canceles	you cancel	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	cancele	he, she cancels
usted	cancele	you cancel	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	cancelemos	we cancel
vosotros, vosotras	canceléis	you cancel	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	cancelen	they cancel
ustedes	cancelen	you cancel	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Competir

Competir(to compete) is an -ir verb that has a stem change in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	compita	I compete
tú	compitas	you compete	informal singular you
vos	compitas	you compete	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	compita	he, she competes
usted	compita	you compete	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	compitamos	we compete
vosotros, vosotras	compitáis	you compete	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	compitan	they compete
ustedes	compitan	you compete	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Comprometerse

Comprometerse(to commit to) is an -er pronominal verb that is regular in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	me comprometa	I commit to
tú	te comprometas	you commit to	informal singular you
vos	te comprometas	you commit to	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	se comprometa	he, she commits to
usted	se comprometa	you commit to	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	nos comprometamos	we commit to
vosotros, vosotras	os comprometáis	you commit to	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	se comprometan	they commit to
ustedes	se comprometan	you commit to	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Coordinar

Coordinar(to coordinate) is an -ar verb that is regular in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	coordine	I coordinate
tú	coordines	you coordinate	informal singular you
vos	coordines	you coordinate	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	coordine	he, she coordinates
usted	coordine	you coordinate	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	coordinemos	we coordinate
vosotros, vosotras	coordinéis	you coordinate	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	coordinen	they coordinate
ustedes	coordinen	you coordinate	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Dirigir

Dirigir(to lead) is an -ir verb that has a stem change in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	dirija	I lead
tú	dirijas	you lead	informal singular you
vos	dirijas	you lead	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	dirija	he, she leads
usted	dirija	you lead	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	dirijamos	we lead
vosotros, vosotras	dirijáis	you lead	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	dirijan	they lead
ustedes	dirijan	you lead	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Esforzarse

Esforzarse(to make an effort) is a pronominal -ar verb that has a stem change in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	me esfuerce	I make an effort
tú	te esfuerces	you make an effort	informal singular you
vos	te esfuerces	you make an effort	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	se esfuerce	he, she makes an effort
usted	se esfuerce	you make an effort	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	nos esforcemos	we make an effort
vosotros, vosotras	os esforcéis	you make an effort	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	se esfuercen	they make an effort
ustedes	se esfuercen	you make an effort	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Fallar

Fallar(to fail) is an -ar verb that is regular in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	falle	I fail
tú	falles	you fail	informal singular you
vos	falles	you fail	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	falle	he, she fails
usted	falle	you fail	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	fallemos	we fail
vosotros, vosotras	falléis	you fail	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	fallen	they fail
ustedes	fallen	you fail	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Impedir

Impedir(to prevent) is an -ir verb that has a stem change in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	impida	I prevent
tú	impidas	you prevent	informal singular you
vos	impidas	you prevent	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	impida	he, she prevents
usted	impida	you prevent	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	impidamos	we prevent
vosotros, vosotras	impidáis	you prevent	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	impidan	they prevent
ustedes	impidan	you prevent	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Madrugar

Madrugar(to get up early) is an -ar verb that has a stem change in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	madrugue	I get up early
tú	madrugues	you get up early	informal singular you
vos	madrugues	you get up early	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	madrugue	he, she gets up early
usted	madrugue	you get up early	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	madruguemos	we get up early
vosotros, vosotras	madruguéis	you get up early	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	madruguen	they get up early
ustedes	madruguen	you get up early	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Notar

Notar(to notice) is an -ar verb that is regular in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	note	I notice
tú	notes	you notice	informal singular you
vos	notes	you notice	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	note	he, she notices
usted	note	you notice	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	notemos	we notice
vosotros, vosotras	notéis	you notice	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	noten	they notice
ustedes	noten	you notice	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Proponerse

Proponerse(to put one’s mind to) is a pronominal -er verb that has a stem change in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	me proponga	I put my mind to
tú	te propongas	you put your mind to	informal singular you
vos	te propongas	you put your mind to	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	se proponga	he, she puts his, her mind to
usted	se proponga	you put your mind to	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	nos propongamos	we put our mind to
vosotros, vosotras	os propongáis	you put your mind to	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	se propongan	they put their mind to
ustedes	se propongan	you put your mind to	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Resguardarse

Resguardarse(to take shelter) is an -ar pronominal verb that is regular in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	me resguarde	I take shelter
tú	te resguardes	you take shelter	informal singular you
vos	te resguardes	you take shelter	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	se resguarde	he, she takes shelter
usted	se resguarde	you take shelter	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	nos resguardemos	we take shelter
vosotros, vosotras	os resguardéis	you take shelter	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	se resguarden	they take shelter
ustedes	se resguarden	you take shelter	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Surgir

Surgir(to come up) is an -ir verb that has a stem change in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
él, ella, ello	surja	it comes up
ellos, ellas	surjan	they come up

Verb Phrases

Here are the verb phrases you learned!

Spanish	English
dar permiso	to give (someone) permission
guardar silencio	to remain silent
hacerse tarde	to get late

Dar Permiso

Dar permiso(to give (someone) permission) is an -ar verb phrase that is irregular in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	dé^ permiso^	I give permission
tú	des permiso	you give permission	informal singular you
vos	des permiso	you give permission	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	dé^ permiso^	he, she gives permission
usted	dé^ permiso^	you give permission	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	demos permiso	we give permission
vosotros, vosotras	deis permiso	you give permission	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	den permiso	they give permission
ustedes	den permiso	you give permission	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)