Checkpoint 32

Quick Answer

¡Hola!In the lessons leading up to these checkpoint lessons, you learned to do the following in Spanish:

• use the subjunctive to talk about wishes and desires

• detect subjunctive trigger phrases

• talk about Easter Island

• talk about starting a company

• use business-related vocabulary

• wish someone well using the subjunctive

• talk about places in Panama

• discuss events in Panama

• express what bothers you

• talk about emotions using the subjunctive

• use adverbs ending in -mente

Vocabulary

Let’s review the vocabulary you learned!

Adjectives

Spanish	English
ceremonial	ceremonial
empresarial	business
estratégico	strategic
informativo	informative
innovador	innovative
isleña	island
radiante	bright
reconocido	well-known
rentable	profitable
satisfecho	satisfied

Adverbs

Spanish	English
eficazmente	efficiently
exponencialmente	exponentially
innecesariamente	unnecessarily
ruidosamente	loudly

Nouns

Spanish	English
la aldea	village
la alianza	alliance
el ambiente	atmosphere
las apariencias	looks
el Biomuseo	Biomuseo
la calidad	quality
el cinturón	belt
la cola	line
el contratiempo	setback
el ecosistema	ecosystem
la estrategia	strategy
la ética	ethics
la hospitalidad	hospitality
el impacto	impact
el, la inversionista	investor
el jazz	jazz
la leyenda	legend
el, la líder	leader
la marca	brand
el moái	moai
las molas	mola shirts
el móvil	cell phone
Panamá	Panama
el producto	product
el regreso	trip back
el servicio	service
el silencio	silence

Noun Phrases

Spanish	English
el café Geisha	Geisha coffee
la Calzada de Amador	the Causeway
el canal de Panamá	Panama Canal
el Casco Viejo	Casco Viejo
el chaleco reflectante	safety vest
la Cinta Costera	Cinta Costera
la ciudad de Panamá	Panama City
la cultura guna	Guna culture
el espacio personal	personal space
el Festival de la Pollera	Festival of the Pollera
Isla de Pascua	Easter Island
la isla de Taboga	Taboga Island
el papel higiénico	toilet paper
el Parque Natural Metropolitano	Metropolitan Natural Park
Rapa Nui	Rapa Nui

Verbs

Here are the verbs you learned!

Agradar

Agradar(to be pleased by) is an -ar verb like gustar that is regular in the present subjunctive.

A+ Pronoun(s)	Singular Conjugation	Plural Conjugation	Translation	Notes
a mí	me agrade	me agraden	I am pleased by it / I am pleased by them
a ti	te agrade	te agraden	you are pleased by it / you are pleased by them	informal singular you
a vos	te agrade	te agraden	you are pleased by it / you are pleased by them	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
a él, a ella	le agrade	le agraden	he, she is pleased by it / he, she is pleased by them
a usted	le agrade	le agraden	you are pleased by it / you are pleased by them	formal singular you
a nosotros, a nosotras	nos agrade	nos agraden	we are pleased by it / we are pleased by them
a vosotros, a vosotras	os agrade	os agraden	you are pleased by it / you are pleased by them	informal plural you (in Spain)
a ellos, a ellas	les agrade	les agraden	they are pleased by it / they are pleased by them
a ustedes	les agrade	les agraden	you are pleased by it / you are pleased by them	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Amar

Amar(to love) is an -ar verb that is regular in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	ame	I love
tú	ames	you love	informal singular you
vos	ames	you love	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	ame	he, she loves
usted	ame	you love	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	amemos	we love
vosotros, vosotras	améis	you love	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	amen	they love
ustedes	amen	you love	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Crecer

Crecer(to grow) is an -er verb that has a stem change in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	crezca	I grow
tú	crezcas	you grow	informal singular you
vos	crezcas	you grow	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	crezca	he, she grows
usted	crezca	you grow	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	crezcamos	we grow
vosotros, vosotras	crezcáis	you grow	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	crezcan	they grow
ustedes	crezcan	you grow	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Criticar

Criticar(to criticize) is an -ar verb that has a stem change in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	critique	I criticize
tú	critiques	you criticize	informal singular you
vos	critiques	you criticize	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	critique	he, she criticizes
usted	critique	you criticize	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	critiquemos	we criticize
vosotros, vosotras	critiquéis	you criticize	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	critiquen	they criticize
ustedes	critiquen	you criticize	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Cubrir

Cubrir(to cover) is an -ir verb that is regular in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	cubra	I cover
tú	cubras	you cover	informal singular you
vos	cubras	you cover	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	cubra	he, she covers
usted	cubra	you cover	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	cubramos	we cover
vosotros, vosotras	cubráis	you cover	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	cubran	they cover
ustedes	cubran	you cover	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Decepcionar

Decepcionar(to disappoint) is an -ar verb that is regular in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	decepcione	I disappoint
tú	decepciones	you disappoint	informal singular you
vos	decepciones	you disappoint	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	decepcione	he, she disappoints
usted	decepcione	you disappoint	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	decepcionemos	we disappoint
vosotros, vosotras	decepcionéis	you disappoint	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	decepcionen	they disappoint
ustedes	decepcionen	you disappoint	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Desayunar

Desayunar(to eat breakfast) is an -ar verb that is regular in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	desayune	I eat breakfast
tú	desayunes	you eat breakfast	informal singular you
vos	desayunes	you eat breakfast	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	desayune	he, she eats breakfast
usted	desayune	you eat breakfast	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	desayunemos	we eat breakfast
vosotros, vosotras	desayunéis	you eat breakfast	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	desayunen	they eat breakfast
ustedes	desayunen	you eat breakfast	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Diferenciarse

Diferenciarse(to differentiate oneself) is an -ar pronominal verb that is regular in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	me diferencie	I differentiate myself
tú	te diferencies	you differentiate yourself	informal singular you
vos	te diferencies	you differentiate yourself	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	se diferencie	he, she differentiates himself, herself
usted	se diferencie	you differentiate yourself	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	nos diferenciemos	we differentiate ourselves
vosotros, vosotras	os diferenciéis	you differentiate yourselves	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	se diferencien	they differentiate themselves
ustedes	se diferencien	you differentiate yourselves	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Entrometerse

Entrometerse(to meddle) is an -er pronominal verb that is regular in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	me entrometa	I meddle
tú	te entrometas	you meddle	informal singular you
vos	te entrometas	you meddle	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	se entrometa	he, she meddles
usted	se entrometa	you meddle	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	nos entrometamos	we meddle
vosotros, vosotras	os entrometáis	you meddle	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	se entrometan	they meddle
ustedes	se entrometan	you meddle	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Faltar

Faltar(to need) is an -ar verb like gustar that is regular in the present subjunctive.

A+ Pronoun(s)	Singular Conjugation	Plural Conjugation	Translation	Notes
a mí	me falte	me falten	I need it / I need them
a ti	te falte	te falten	you need it / you need them	informal singular you
a vos	te falte	te falten	you need it / you need them	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
a él, a ella	le falte	le falten	he, she needs it / he, she needs them
a usted	le falte	le falten	you need it / you need them	formal singular you
a nosotros, a nosotras	nos falte	nos falten	we need it / we need them
a vosotros, a vosotras	os falte	os falten	you need it / you need them	informal plural you (in Spain)
a ellos, a ellas	les falte	les falten	they need it / they need them
a ustedes	les falte	les falten	you need it / you need them	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Interrumpir

Interrumpir(to interrupt) is an -ir verb that is regular in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	interrumpa	I interrupt
tú	interrumpas	you interrupt	informal singular you
vos	interrumpas	you interrupt	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	interrumpa	he, she interrupts
usted	interrumpa	you interrupt	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	interrumpamos	we interrupt
vosotros, vosotras	interrumpáis	you interrupt	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	interrumpan	they interrupt
ustedes	interrumpan	you interrupt	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Juzgar

Juzgar(to judge) is an -ar verb that has a stem change in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	juzgue	I judge
tú	juzgues	you judge	informal singular you
vos	juzgues	you judge	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	juzgue	he, she judges
usted	juzgue	you judge	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	juzguemos	we judge
vosotros, vosotras	juzguéis	you judge	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	juzguen	they judge
ustedes	juzguen	you judge	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Masticar

Masticar(to chew) is an -ar verb that has a stem change in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	mastique	I chew
tú	mastiques	you chew	informal singular you
vos	mastiques	you chew	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	mastique	he, she chews
usted	mastique	you chew	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	mastiquemos	we chew
vosotros, vosotras	mastiquéis	you chew	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	mastiquen	they chew
ustedes	mastiquen	you chew	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Meterse

Meterse(to meddle) is an -er pronominal verb that is regular in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	me meta	I meddle
tú	te metas	you meddle	informal singular you
vos	te metas	you meddle	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	se meta	he, she meddles
usted	se meta	you meddle	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	nos metamos	we meddle
vosotros, vosotras	os metáis	you meddle	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	se metan	they meddle
ustedes	se metan	you meddle	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Ocupar

Ocupar(to take up) is an -ar verb that is regular in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	ocupe	I take up
tú	ocupes	you take up	informal singular you
vos	ocupes	you take up	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	ocupe	he, she takes up
usted	ocupe	you take up	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	ocupemos	we take up
vosotros, vosotras	ocupéis	you take up	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	ocupen	they take up
ustedes	ocupen	you take up	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Prosperar

Prosperar(to be successful) is an -ar verb that is regular in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	prospere	I am successful
tú	prosperes	you are successful	informal singular you
vos	prosperes	you are successful	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	prospere	he, she is successful
usted	prospere	you are successful	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	prosperemos	we are successful
vosotros, vosotras	prosperéis	you are successful	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	prosperen	they are successful
ustedes	prosperen	you are successful	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Reciclar

Reciclar(to recycle) is an -ar verb that is regular in the present subjunctive.

Pronoun(s)	Conjugation	Translation	Notes
yo	recicle	I recycle
tú	recicles	you recycle	informal singular you
vos	recicles	you recycle	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
él, ella	recicle	he, she recycles
usted	recicle	you recycle	formal singular you
nosotros, nosotras	reciclemos	we recycle
vosotros, vosotras	recicléis	you recycle	informal plural you (in Spain)
ellos, ellas	reciclen	they recycle
ustedes	reciclen	you recycle	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)

Verb Phrases

Here are the verb phrases you learned!

Hacer falta

Hacer falta(to need) is an -er verb like gustar in the present subjunctive.

A+ Pronoun(s)	Singular Conjugation	Plural Conjugation	Translation	Notes
a mí	me haga falta	me hagan falta	I need it / I need them
a ti	te haga falta	te hagan falta	you need it / you need them	informal singular you
a vos	te haga falta	te hagan falta	you need it / you need them	informal singular you (in parts of Latin America)
a él, a ella	le haga falta	le hagan falta	he, she needs it / he, she needs them
a usted	le haga falta	le hagan falta	you need it / you need them	formal singular you
a nosotros, a nosotras	nos haga falta	nos hagan falta	we need it / we need them
a vosotros, a vosotras	os haga falta	os hagan falta	you need it / you need them	informal plural you (in Spain)
a ellos, a ellas	les haga falta	les hagan falta	they need it / they need them
a ustedes	les haga falta	les hagan falta	you need it / you need them	plural you (in Latin America), formal plural you (in Spain)