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"Sopa" is a noun which is often translated as "soup", and "caldo" is a noun which is often translated as "broth". Learn more about the difference between "sopa" and "caldo" below.
la sopa()
A feminine noun is almost always used with feminine articles and adjectives (e.g., la mujer bonita, la luna llena).
1. (culinary)
a. soup
La abuela preparó una deliciosa sopa de verduras.Grandma prepared some yummy vegetable soup.
el caldo()
A masculine noun is used with masculine articles and adjectives (e.g., el hombre guapo, el sol amarillo).
1. (culinary)
b. soup
Lo mejor para un resfriado es un plato de caldo de pollo.The best thing for a cold is a bowl of chicken soup.
2. (beverage)
a. wine
Los caldos de la Rioja son reconocidos como los mejores del mundo.The wines of the Rioja region are recognized as being some of the best in the world.