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"By then" is an adverb which is often translated as "para entonces", and "by now" is a phrase which is often translated as "ya". Learn more about the difference between "by then" and "by now" below.
by then(
bay
thehn
)An adverb is a word that describes a verb, an adjective, or other adverbs (e.g., to run quickly, very tired).
a. para entonces
Were you at the library last night? - No. By then we had finished the science project and went home.¿Estabas en la biblioteca anoche? - No. Para entonces habíamos terminado el trabajo de ciencias y volvimos a casa.
by now(
bay
nau
)A phrase is a group of words commonly used together (e.g., once upon a time).
1. (general)
c. a estas horas
He probably knows by now that he can't fire judges he disagrees with.Probablemente sabe a estas horas que no puede despedir a los jueces con los que no está de acuerdo.
