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Adverbs or Adjective

Adverbs or Adjective

3
votes

In English, the word "more" is an adjective and an adverb. So shouldn't there be two types of "more" in Spanish for each gender since that's how adjectives work? Same goes for words like important etc.

732 views
updated Aug 29, 2017
posted by Alice0925
No, things in languages "shouldn't " be , they are the way they are. - polenta1, Aug 28, 2017
Oh my god, I just really wanted a plain answer to whether the word "more"(which in English is an adjective) in Spanish has different forms like other adjectives do in Spanish. That's all.. Although, thank you for the ones who replied. - Alice0925, Aug 29, 2017

4 Answers

3
votes

Interesting question, one site I found claims it is still functioning as an adverb, albeit one that is modifying a “grupo nominal”

Another argues that it is an invariable adjective.

( Other examples of invariable adjectives include some nouns when used as colors, but that is another discussion)

As Ken notes, many adjectives are gender invariable, but fewer are for number. But they do exist. I won't weigh in, because once I know how it behaves, I don't care what you call it. So remembering it is invariable is more important to me than knowing whether it remains an adverb in front of a noun, or becomes an invariable adjective.

http://udep.edu.pe/castellanoactual/duda-resuelta-adverbio-mas/

Respuesta de Castellano Actual:

Estimada Elena:

Según el DRAE (2001) el adverbio es la palabra invariable cuya función consiste en complementar la significación del verbo, de un adjetivo, de otro adverbio y de ciertas secuencias. La nueva gramática básica de la lengua española (2011: 136) señala que la definición tradicional de adverbio se ha ido incrementando hasta constituir un amplio conjunto de unidades al que es difícil asignar propiedades comunes. Desde el punto de vista sintáctico, los adverbios están capacitados para modificar a diferentes categorías sintácticas: verbos (camina despacio), adjetivos (excesivamente estrecho), adverbios (muy cerca), así como a grupos nominales (más amigos), adjetivales (muy contento del resultado), adverbiales (bastante lejos de su casa) y preposicionales (casi sin esfuerzo).

Si nos centramos en el adverbio de cantidad más, vemos que en ciertas secuencias es un comparativo; y, por tanto, puede ir unido al nombre o sustantivo (tengo más libros que tú), al adjetivo (es más inteligente que su hermano); sin dejar, en otros casos, de modificar al verbo (no avances más), a otros adverbios (llegó más temprano) y a locuciones adverbiales (más a propósito).

Saludos cordiales.

Castellano Actual

http://hispanoteca.eu/Foro-preguntas/ARCHIVO-Foro/Más-adverbio-adjetivo-pronombre.htm

They quote RAE:

Cuando modifica a un sustantivo, más funciona como adjetivo: Cada vez va más gente al teatro

And state:

Más no es solo adverbio; aunque siempre invariable, también puede ser adjetivo:

Edit to add for comments:

https://www.thoughtco.com/invariable-adjectives-3079101

updated Aug 28, 2017
edited by bosquederoble
posted by bosquederoble
Bosque: I think she meant: why isn't there máso/mása, inteligento/intellegenta or at least más/mása, inteligente/inteligenta. The answer to "why?" is cuz. :) - DilKen, Aug 28, 2017
Yes, but it got me thinking about why más does not change in front of a plural noun. Is it an adjective, or not? Probably way beyond the needs of the person asking the question, but I thought it still an interesting question to explore. - bosquederoble, Aug 28, 2017
Again I was not interested from the masculine feminine perspective, rather the singular plural. - bosquederoble, Aug 28, 2017
There are many adjectives that don't change with gender, but it is harder to think of ones that don't change with number. - bosquederoble, Aug 28, 2017
Bosque: The dictionary entry for the english word "more" has more :) examples of más as an adjective. You're right, it is interesting that it isn't pluralized either. - DilKen, Aug 28, 2017
I added a link to the bottom on invariable adjectives, it notes most are nouns being used as adjectives, or proper names, or foreign words. It does not include más, menos- are they (invariable) adjectives or adverbs (modifying nouns)? - bosquederoble, Aug 28, 2017
"Tantas más personas" Tanto changes, but más does not. I guess I have kind of hijacked the thread. :) - bosquederoble, Aug 28, 2017
But is it an adjective, implicit could be "Tantas más personas que antes" Is it always an implicit "más que". I don't know. - bosquederoble, Aug 28, 2017
Bosque: I posted something from the RAE dealing with the adjectival uses of más. Seems like it can be used several ways. - DilKen, Aug 28, 2017
Thanks. :) - bosquederoble, Aug 28, 2017
2
votes
  1. adj. comp. Ante sustantivos contables en plural, indica que un determinado número de entidades es alto en comparación con otro sobrentendido o explícito. Compró más plátanos que fresas. U. t. con un complemento introducido por la preposición de. Compró más plátanos de los necesarios. U. t. pospuesto cuando va precedido de una expresión cuantificativa. Compró bastantes plátanos más.
  2. adj. comp. Ante sustantivos no contables en singular, expresa que una determinada cantidad excede a otra sobrentendida o explícita. Tiene más voluntad que talento. U. t. con un complemento introducido por la preposición de. Tiene más voluntad de la que imaginas. U. ocasionalmente pospuesto cuando va precedido de una expresión cuantificativa. Había bastante gente más.
  3. adj. comp. coloq. Ante sustantivos contables en singular usados como no contables, denota ponderación o pluralidad. Parece un cacharro, pero es más coche de lo que aparenta. Hay más loco suelto de lo que imaginamos.
updated Aug 29, 2017
posted by DilKen
Does it behave differently because it is a comparative adjective, not a regular adjective? - bosquederoble, Aug 28, 2017
Yeah...that's the ticket. I thought you said you didn't care why as long as you knew the proper usage. :) - DilKen, Aug 28, 2017
well, okay, sometimes my interest gets piqued. No one is going to get me to differentiate between impersonal se and passive se though. Probably. :D - bosquederoble, Aug 28, 2017
1
vote

Here is an article about adjectives. It deals with issue of gender which you ask about. Many Spanish adjectives end in -o for masculine and -a for feminine. Most adjectives that end in other letters are invariable regarding gender, but most of these still change for the number (singular vs plural) of the noun that they modify.

Your opening remark...In English the word "more"is an adjective and an adverb...so shouldn't Spanish.....??

I really struggle to understand why, because something is the way it is in English, that this should have anything to do with the way things are in Spanish. Sometimes English and Spanish are similar in some aspect, other times they are different. I don't think you can draw many firm conclusions or make any assumptions about "how Spanish ought to be" from English.

Adjective Endings

updated Aug 28, 2017
edited by DilKen
posted by DilKen
Someone needs to vote this one to the top, this is the one that answers the questioners question, the rest are digressions. My vote is the only one on this one. :) - bosquederoble, Aug 28, 2017
1
vote
updated Aug 28, 2017
posted by DilKen