Challenge: Add A Verb, Adjective, Adverb and Noun With The Same Root
Write the Spanish verb, adjective, adverb and noun and provide their translations in English. All four parts of speech must share the same root.
Many adjectives are formed by using the past participle. Do not automatically assume, however, that the past participle is in common use as an adjective for that verb. You must be able to find the word in a Spanish dictionary.
Likewise, many adverbs can be formed by taking the feminine past participle and adding -mente. Once again, don't assume that such a word is in common usage.
In some cases there will be multiple adjectives or nouns with the same root. List as many as you can find. Don't bother with plurals and other minor variations like diminutives or superlatives.
Sometimes, after some research, you might conclude that you can identify a verb that has two related parts of speech, but not all three. You can list these as well and identify the "missing" word. Usually the "missing word" will be either an adverb or noun.
If a noun formed from a verb is not in common usage (it's not in the dictionary) a "noun-like" phrase can often be formed by taking "el" or "la" + the adjective. We're not looking for these...only the ones you can find in the dictionary.
Have fun and learn. The objective of this exercise is to help everyone build their vocabulary in a new way. When you learn a new verb, take the time to learn the related adjectives, adverbs and nouns and post them here.
7 Answers
Verb: actuar- to perform, to act
Adjective: actuado- actuated, skilled
Adverb: actualmente- presently
Noun: actuación- performance
Verb: calcular - to calculate
Adjective: calculado /a - calculated, deliberate or intentional
Adverb: calculadamente - calculatedly, deliberately or intentionally
Noun: la calculación - the calculation, the computation
Bonus noun #1 - la calculadora - the calculator
Bonus noun #2 - el calculó - calculation, estimate, branch of mathematics
Bonus adjective: calculador /ora - calculating, selfish, mercenary
This is something we do in class to extend our vocabulary. Sometimes they are not what you expect!
Verb: necesitar - to need, to require or to be necessary.
Adjective: necesario /a - necessary
Adverb: necesariamente - necessarily
Noun: la necesidad - the need or the necessity
Bonus adjective: necesitado /a - needy
Bonus noun: el necesitado - the needy or poor person
Verb: atormentar - to torment, to torture, to harass
Adjective: atormentado /a - tormented
Adverb: atormentadamente - tormentedly, anxiously
Noun: atormentadoro /a - tormentor
Bonus verb: atormentarse - to torment oneself
Bonus adjective: atormentada - Painful, full of pain, beset with affliction
Bonus noun - el tormento - the torment.
Verb: saber - to know something or know how to do something
Adjective: sabido /a - known, knowledgeable, learned
Adverb: sabiamente - learnedly, expertly, wisely, sensibly
Noun: la sabiduría - wisdom, knowledge, learning
Bonus adverb: a sabiendas - knowingly, deliberately
Bonus adjective: ser sabador de - to be aware of something, to know about something
Bonus noun: el sabedor / ora - One who knows or is informed of something.
Bonus adjectives: sabiente, sapiente - knowing, wise
Bonus adjective: sabio /a - wise, learned, clever
Bonus noun: el sabio - a wise or learned person
Verb: esperar - to hope
Adjective: esperanzado /a - hopeful
Adverb: esperanzadamente - hopefully
Noun: la esperanza - the hope
Bonus noun: el esperón - a long wait (Caribbean)
Bonus noun: el esperón - forecastle head, nautical term referring to the forward part of a ship's living quarters.
Bonus adjective: esperado - expected, anticipated, hoped for
Bonus adjective: esperanzador /ora - encouraging, hopeful or promising
