Sentences using present perfect and the subjunctive
Hola! 
I would appreciate it if someone could correct the following sentences.
It is important you listen to my instructions. If you don't, you will get hurt.
Es importante que escuches a mis instrucciones. Si no escuches, te harás daño
The nurse recommended that dad sleeps for fourteen hours a day.
La enfermera recomendó que papá duerma por catorce horas por día.
I hope that I win!
I don't need the subjunctive here, correct?
We have spoken to the teacher. He told us to ask tomorrow.
Le hemos hablado al maestro. Nos dijo pedir mañana.
It's a shame that you let your talent go to waste.
Es una lástima que permitas tu talento se desperdicia.
Thank you for your help
5 Answers
Es importante que escuches [
a] mis instrucciones. Si no me/las escuchas, te harás daño.La enfermera recomendó que papá durmiera (por) catorce horas al día.
Espero ganar.
Hemos hablado con el maestro. Nos dijo que (le) preguntáramos mañana.
Es una lástima que permitas tu talento se desperdicie.
Any questions, just ask.
La enfermera recomendó que Papá duerma por catorce horas al día.
I hope that I win! I don't need the subjunctive here, correct? Correct (Espero ganar)
"..to ask tomorrow." => Do you mean to ask for something (a favor, for example) = pedir, or to ask something as a question = preguntar?
Es una lástima que permitas que tu talento se desperdicie.
I hope that I win!
I believe that if you say this using the word "ojala" then the subjunctive is required. For example:
¡Ojalá gane!
¡Ojalá que vaya a ganar!
Note: Someone please correct me if I'm wrong about this.
I mean for "se desperdicie" instead of "se desperdicia"
When you say "It's a shame that ...", whatever follows is not stated to inform people about your thoughts about reality (i.e. to declare); it is just mentioned so that you can make a judgement out of it (i.e. it is a shame). Whether the second part of the sentence is a fact or not, makes no difference, because it is not a "declaration", but a "mention", so it must be subjunctive. The wasting part is mentioned only so you can comment on it, not because you want people to focus on the waste itself.
On the other hand, in "Es obvio que la gente desperdicia mucha comida", the starting part ("It is obvious that...") is just there to point at a fact, so we do want to declare this fact to support the main statement. Here, the whole point is to inform about what we think is true: "people waste a lot of food", and the starting statement just reinforces it: "It is obvious..."
For the first one, I don't use "no escuches" because I'm stating the subject is "you", correct?
"Si" is an unique conjunction in Spanish: its function is to enquire whether something can be taken for granted, whether it can be declared, so unlike all other constructions, it takes indicative. If something can never happen, then it uses subjunctive to make the whole assumption hypothetical.
