A few questions on an article
Hay quienes han comenzado a especular que esto podría llevar a un descenso en las temperaturas.
In this sentence, you can just say Hay quienes and have it mean there are those who + blahblahbalh? Wouldn't you have to have a noun like Hay personas que?
Also why is there llevar + a? There's no person for the personal a.
El Sol podría estar entrando en una "época de baja actividad"
Also why is it baja actividad? Shouldn't it be actividad baja because the baja isn't something innate?
Desde hace un tiempo los investigadores vienen señalando que el número de manchas negras del sol ha decrecido.
Also, how can you do vienen señalando? The researchers have come to noting that that blahblahblah? Are you allowed to do any verb + progressive?
4 Answers
Also why is it baja actividad? Shouldn't it be actividad baja because the baja isn't something innate?
Innate? I think you are not aware of all the uses of the word "bajo":
bajo.
4. adj. Que ocupa una posición inferior en una determinada escala. Calificaciones muy bajas Precios bajos
12. adj. Pobre, escaso.
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Now, regarding the other question:
Are you allowed to do any verb + progressive?
No, only with andar, comenzar, continuar, empezar, estar, ir, llevar, quedarse, seguir, terminar, and venir, and each one has a specific meaning that has to be learnt separately.
Also why is there llevar + a? There's no person for the personal a.
You might find the DPD entry for llevar enlightening in this regard:
Cuando significa ‘hacer que [una persona o cosa] llegue a un determinado lugar o situación’, además del complemento directo, suele llevar un complemento introducido por a, que expresa el lugar o situación.
The situation here being "a drop in temperature (un descenso en las temperaturas)."
Wouldn't you have to have a noun like Hay personas que?
No. The expression "Hay quienes..." is relatively common and a perfectly legitimate expression. This sort of construction often occurs with the verbs "tener" and "haber." Relative clauses of this nature are often referred to in Spanish as "relativas libres" because the relative pronoun ("quienes," in this case) is presented without any explicit antecedent.
Such an omission is logically justified by the fact that a word like "quien(es)," by its very nature, implies/necessitates that the referent be a person. That is, the indefinite referent [person(s)] is already inherently implied by the very nature of the word "quien(es)." Constructions such as these (i.e. "relativas libres") also occur with other similar words such as "donde" (implies a place), "cuando (implies a time) and "como (implies a means or manner). For example:
?¿Cómo voy a trabajar, si no tengo quien cuide de mi bebé? ? How am I going to work if I don't have anyone who can care for my baby?
?Aqui no hay donde acostarse ? There is no place to sleep here.
?No hay como salir del apuro. ? There is no way to get out of this mess.
?No tiene donde caerse muerto ? He has no place where he might go to die
?No tiene cuando acabar el trabajo ? He has no time to finish the job.
?Hay quienes piensan que ese desenlace no sería tan terrible ? There are people who think that that resolution will not be so bad.
In regards to "relativas libres" you might also find the following link useful:
Hay quienes = Hay personas que...
"a" because people are doing the speculation?
Baja actividad = actividad baja
they come= they have been signaling this (as a warning) for sometime now.
