I have a question about the sequence of tenses.
Most sequence of tenses charts that I have seen state that if the verb in the main clause is in the present, future or imperative, the verb in the subordinate clause would need to be in the present or present perfect subjunctive. It would seem, thus, that a statement like "I'm glad it rained" should be translated as "Me alegro de que haya llovido."
However, I have two textbooks that say that the imperfect subjunctive would be correct in this example, "Me alegro de que lloviera." This goes against everything I've learned and seen in most textbooks. Is it correct?
Thank you.
4 Answers
The issue here is that the subjunctive is being used to indicate a value judgement, not the temporality of the verbs.
I believe this isn't normally mentioned because it seems to complicate the issue. It is easier to say that you always match the temporality of the dependent clause with the independent clause. However, imperfect subjunctive can be used with present indicative when the dependent clause refers to an action in the past, as is the case in your example.
Similarly, you can say "I am glad that it rained". Something that happened in the past can, logically, affect you emotionally in the present.
It goes against what I have just learned as well, but I believe that Mr. Subjunctive has many surprises in store for us. Is there a rule concerning this, for lack of a better word, exception to the rule==== However, imperfect subjunctive can be used with present indicative.
The site
says that the imperfect subjunctive should be used when the imperfect indicative would be used if the subjunctive mood were not required, although they chose to mention that tidbit in small print.
Lloviera is in the Imperfect Subjuntive. Lloviera and lloviese would both be appropriate here.
Now, people do say it the way that you posted as well.
I am glad that is has rained. Me alegro de que haya llovido.
I am glad that it rained. Me alegro de que lloviese.
