When tener is used in the third person singular

Question

When tener is used in the third person singular. How do I know whether a person is talking about el, ella or you formal. In the attached sentence how do I know the author is talking about a he and not a she or you?

Tiene la ventaja porque tiene más experiencia. - He has the advantage because he has more experience.

Answer 1

In the context you have given it can mean he, she or you formal. It has normally been made clear by previous content.

It's the same in English

I entered the building, went up the stairs and then went into the detective's office.

If I omit the previous content you are left with.

went up the stairs and then went into the detective's office.

Who did what?

Answer 2

You don't without the context of the adjoining sentences. If we are talking about my sister, it is "she has"... Sometimes you can draw out context from the connecting adjectives which are masculine or feminine.

...but standing alone as you have written it is unknown