the usage of by which (for english)

Question

'' a positioning voyage , by which a company temporarily locates a ship in other part of the world for a short season , is sometimes referred to as a line voyage.''

questions

1) i could not translate that sentence into my language. i think i am getting hard of understanding of the usage ' by which'.can you say anything about the usage 'by which' in sentences

2) what does 'line voyage' mean?

Answer 1

¡Hola!, Davit871:

 

You asked, “can you say anything about the usage 'by which' in sentences”. Perhaps this will be some help:

 

I must travel from Ankara thru Adapazari to Istanbul. My cousin has a car that he will let me use and by which I can get there safely.

(in this example, the car is the means or the method “by the use of which” you will travel)

 

I have a burning in my stomach caused by a build up of acid. I will take some antacid and it will be the treatment by which I become more comfortable.

(In this example, again, “by which” means the method or means used to achieve a goal)

 

In the reading you were doing, the positioning voyage is the method or means used to carry out the line voyage.

 

You also asked, “what does 'line voyage' mean?”.

The material you were reading could be re-ordered to give the same meaning. It could be said in this way:

a positioning voyage is a voyage by which a company temporarily locates a ship in other part of the world for a short season. A positioning voyage is sometimes referred to as a line voyage.

 

Maybe in this way you can see that;

A line voyage is also a voyage by which a company temporarily locates a ship in another part of the world for a short season.

Essentially, “positioning voyage” and “line voyage” mean the same thing, “temporarily relocating a ship to another part of the world for a short season. "

I suppose it would also be a line voyage or positioning voyage if the ship were returned after the short season to the place where it started.

I hope this is some help to you.

Regards/Recuerdos

Moe

Nice answer Moe! - Izanoni1, Sep 28, 2009

Answer 2

By which = (en) el cual

Wouldn't you use "lo" instead of "el" since it refers back to the main idea and because the gender of the subject may be ambiguous? - Izanoni1, Sep 28, 2009

Answer 3

For "by which" "por el que" or "por cuál" - possibly could be used.

Interesting suggestions, Ian. I do not disagree. My bound paper Span/Eng dictionary also suggests "a través de lo cual" (through which). - Moe, Sep 28, 2009

Answer 4

I would think that (en) lo cual might be one way to say by which

or you might try se occure or possibly even cuando

I will attempt a definition of line voyage:

Se occure cuando un barco se mueve al otro parte del mundo durante un breve tiempo

Se occure cuando un barco está situada en otro parte del mundo durante un breve tiempo

Answer 5

2) what does 'line voyage' mean?

According to your own statement a positioning voyage and a line voyage are synonymous in this context.

I think that he is asking what a line voyage entails rather than a synonym - Izanoni1, Sep 28, 2009