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Short Form Adjectives

Short Form Adjectives

Overview

Some adjectives change to a shortened version when they precede a masculine singular noun to aid in pronunciation and flow. These are called apócopes.

Apócopes: Short Form Adjectives

Below you will find a list of the most common adjectives that change to the shortened version. You will see the basic form of the adjective, the shortened version, and the English meaning.

Some Short Form Adjectives

Basic Form Shortened Form English
bueno buen good
malo mal bad
alguno algún some
ninguno ningún no, none
postrero postrer final, last
santo san saint
uno un one
primero primer first
tercero tercer third
grande gran big

Tildes!

Notice that algún and ningún take on a tilde (written accent) to maintain original intonation.

Exceptions

  • Grande changes to gran when it precedes both masculine and feminine singular nouns.
  • Santo Tomás and Santo Domingo are the only male saints that keep the basic adjective form.

Examples

  • Nico es un buen chico. (Nico is a good guy.)
  • San Diego (Saint Diego)
  • Pablo es el tercer niño. (Pablo is the third child.)
  • ¡No seas un mal perro! (Don´t be a bad dog.)

Exercises

1) Change each adjective in parenthesis so that it correctly matches its noun.

Example: La isla de (San/Santo) Juan es un paraíso.

  1. Iván es un (gran/grande) amigo.
  2. El (primer/primero) capítulo del libro es aburrido.
  3. Una (mal/mala/malo) persona me llamé a las 3 y media de la mañana.
  4. Delaware es el (primer/primero) estado de los Estados Unidos.
  5. Es mi (tercer/tercero) año en la Universidad de Georgia.

Answers

  1. gran
  2. primer
  3. mala
  4. primer
  5. tercer
49150 views
updated AGO 15, 2012
edited by martha-sd
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