echar
Para las expresiones echar abajo, echar en cara, echar la culpa, echar en falta, echar de menos, echar a perder, echar raíces, echar a suertes, ver la otra entrada.
transitive verb
1 (tirar) [+pelota, piedra, dados] to throw; [+basura] to throw away; [+ancla, red] to cast; [+moneda al aire] to toss [+mirada] to cast; give; [+naipe] to deal
échame las llaves throw me the keys; échalo a la basura throw it away; ¿qué te han echado los Reyes? what did you get for Christmas?
echarlas (S. Cone) to leg it (familiar); scarper (familiar)
2 (poner) to put
echar carbón a la lumbre to put coal on the fire; he echado otra manta en la cama I've put another blanket on the bed; ¿te echo mantequilla en el pan? shall I put some butter on your bread?; échale un poco de azúcar a la mezcla add a little sugar to the mixture
tengo que echar gasolina I need to fill up (with petrol)
3 (verter) to pour
echó un poco de vino en un vaso he poured some wine into a glass; echar cera en un molde to pour wax into a mould
4 (servir) [+bebida] to pour; [+comida] to give
échame agua could you give o pour me some water?; ¿te echo más whisky? shall I pour you some more whisky?; no me eches tanto don't give me so much
tengo que echar de comer a los animales I have to feed the animals
lo que le echen
resiste lo que le echen she can take whatever they throw at her
5 (dejar salir)
la chimenea echa humo smoke is coming out of the chimney; ¡qué peste echan tus zapatos! your shoes stink to high heaven! (familiar)
6 (expulsar) (de casa, bar, tienda, club) to throw out; (del trabajo) to fire (familiar); sack (familiar); (de colegio) to expel
cuando protesté me echaron when I protested they threw me out; me echó de su casa he threw me out of his house; lo han echado del colegio he's been expelled from school; la echaron del trabajo she's been fired o sacked (familiar)
echar algo de sí to get rid of sth; throw sth off
7 (producir) [+dientes] to cut; [+hojas] to sprout
está empezando a echar barriga he's starting to get a bit of a belly o paunch; ¡vaya mal genio que has echado últimamente! you've become o got really bad-tempered recently!
8 (cerrar)
echar la llave/el cerrojo to lock/bolt the door; echar el freno to brake
echa la persiana can you draw the blinds?
9 (mover) [+parte del cuerpo]
echar la cabeza a un lado to tilt o cock one's head to one side; echar el cuerpo hacia atrás to lean back
(empujando) to push echar a algn a un lado to push sb aside; echar atrás a la multitud to push the crowd back
10 (enviar) [+carta] to post; mail; (EEUU)
eché la carta en el buzón I posted the letter; ¿dónde puedo echar esta postal? where can I post this postcard?
11 (calcular) to reckon
¿cuántos kilos le echas? how much do you think o reckon she weighs?; ¿cuántos años le echas? how old do you think o reckon he is?; échale una hora andando you can reckon on it taking you an hour if you walk
12 (dar) [+discurso] to give; make
echar maldiciones to curse; echar una reprimenda a algn to tick sb off; give sb a ticking-off; he ido a que me echen las cartas I've had my cards read
13 (con sustantivos que implican acciones) [+trago, partida] to have
¿echamos un café? shall we have a coffee?; salió al balcón a echar un cigarrillo he went out onto the balcony for a smoke o cigarette
echar una multa a algn to fine sb; give sb a fine
14 [+tiempo]
hay que echarle muchas horas it takes a long time; de jóvenes nos echábamos nuestros buenos ratos de charla we used to spend a lot of time talking when we were younger; esta semana he echado cuatro horas extras I did four hours overtime this week
15 (en cine, televisión) to show
echaron un programa sobre Einstein there was a programme about Einstein on; they showed a programme about Einstein; ¿qué echan en el cine? what's on at the cinema?
intransitive verb
(tirar) ¡echa para adelante! lead on!
ahora tienes que echar para adelante y olvidarte del pasado you need to get on with your life and forget about the past; es un olor que echa para atrás it's a smell that really knocks you back (familiar); echa para allá move up
echar por una calle to go down a street
echemos por aquí let's go this way
echar a (+ infin)
echar a correr to break into a run; start running; echar a reír to burst out laughing; start laughing
pronominal verb
echarse1 (lanzarse) to throw o.s.
echarse en brazos de algn to throw o.s. into sb's arms; los niños se echaron al agua the children jumped into the water
echarse sobre algn (gen) to hurl o.s. at sb; rush at sb; (atacando) to fall on sb
2 (acostarse) to lie down
voy a echarme un rato I'm going to lie down for a bit; me eché en el sofá y me quedé dormido I lay down o stretched out on the sofa and fell asleep; se echó en el suelo he lay down on the floor
3 (moverse)
échate un poco para la izquierda move a bit to the left; me tuve que echar a la derecha para que adelantara I had to pull over to the right to let him overtake
echarse atrás to throw o.s. back(wards); move back(wards); to back out
¡échense para atrás! move back!
4 (ponerse)
se echó laca en el pelo she put some hairspray on
se echó una manta por las piernas she put a blanket over her legs
echarse a (+ infin)
se echó a correr she broke into a run; she started running
5 (uso enfático)
echarse una novia to get o.s. a girlfriend; echarse un pitillo to have a cigarette o smoke; echarse una siestecita to have a nap; echarse un trago to have a drink
