sostener
transitive verb
1 (sujetar) (en las manos, los brazos) to hold
¡sostén esto un momentito! hold this a minute!; yo llevaba las cajas mientras él me sostenía la puerta I carried the boxes while he held the door open for me
(en pie) [+construcción, edificio, techo] to hold up; support los pilares que sostienen el puente the pillars which hold up o support the bridge; las piernas apenas me sostenían my legs could barely hold me up o support me; entró borracho, sostenido por dos amigos he came in drunk, held up o supported by two friends
(soportar) [+peso, carga] to bear; carry; sustain (formal)2 (proporcionar apoyo a) (económicamente) to support
no gano suficiente para sostener a una familia I don't earn enough to support a family
algunas de las alternativas sugeridas para sostener al club some of the alternatives suggested to keep the club going
(alimentar) to support; sustain (formal) la tierra no da para sostener a todo el mundo the land does not provide enough to support o (formal) sustain everyone
(moralmente) to support la élite ha dejado de sostener al régimen the elite has stopped supporting the regime; una mayoría capaz de sostener al Gobierno a majority large enough to keep o support the government in power
solo lo sostiene el cariño de sus hijos the love of his children is all that keeps him going
3 (mantener) [+opinión] to hold
siempre he sostenido lo contrario I've always held the opposite opinion; sostiene un punto de vista muy diferente he has o holds a very different point of view; no tiene datos suficientes para sostener esa afirmación she doesn't have enough information to back up o support that statement
la investigación no ha terminado, como sostiene el juez the investigation has not concluded, as the judge maintains o holds
sostener que to maintain o hold that
[+situación] to maintain; keep up sigue sosteniendo que es inocente she still maintains o holds that she is innocent
no podrán sostener su puesto en la clasificación they won't be able to maintain o keep up their place in the ranking; los campesinos han sostenido desde siempre una fuerte lucha con el medio country people have always kept up o carried on a hard struggle against the environment
sostener la mirada de algn to hold sb's gaze
pronominal verb
sostenerse1 (sujetarse) to stand
la escultura se sostiene sobre cuatro columnas the sculpture stands on four columns; un libro grueso que se sostiene de canto a thick book which will stand up; no se me sostiene el peinado my hair won't stay up
sostenerse en pie [+persona] to stand upright; stand on one's feet; [+edificio] to stand
apenas podía sostenerme en pie I could hardly stand upright; I could hardly stand on my feet
la iglesia es lo único que se sostiene todavía en pie only the church is still standing
2 (sustentarse) (económicamente) [+persona] to support o.s.; [+empresa] to keep going
mientras pueda sostenerse con sus ingresos as long as she can support herself on her income
la minería se sostiene gracias a las subvenciones the mining industry is kept going by subsidies
(con alimentos) ¿cómo puedes sostenerte solo con un bocadillo? how can you keep going on just a sandwich?; sostenerse a base de algo to live on sth; survive on sth