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castigar

castigar(
kahs
-
tee
-
gahr
)
A transitive verb is a verb that requires a direct object (e.g. I bought a book.).
transitive verb
1. (to impose a sentence on or for)
a. to punish (a person or crime)
La ley castiga el robo con cárcel.The law punishes robbery with imprisonment.
b.
This refers to an idiomatic word or phrase for which there is no word-for-word translation.
no direct translation
La violación será castigada con una pena de varios años de reclusión.Rape will be punishable by a prison sentence of several years.
El delincuente fue castigado con cuatro años de cárcel.The criminal was given a four-year prison sentence.
2. (to chastise)
a. to punish
Hay muchas maneras de castigar el mal comportamiento de un niño.There are many ways to punish a child's misbehavior.
b. to ground (not allowing to go out)
Si no saco buenas notas, mis padres me castigan con no salir.My parents ground me if I don't get good grades.
c. to keep in (not allowing to go out)
Los padres de Miguel lo castigaron un mes sin salir.Miguel's parents kept him in for a month.
d.
This refers to an idiomatic word or phrase for which there is no word-for-word translation.
no direct translation
La castigan con dos semanas sin ver la televisión.As a punishment, she isn't allowed to watch television for two weeks.
Me castigaron a repetir el ejercicio varias veces.I was made to repeat the exercise several times as a punishment.
3. (to hurt)
a. to punish
Los impuestos indirectos castigan al sector más desfavorecido de la población.Indirect taxes are punishing the more deprived section of the population.
b. to hit
La crisis castigó más las zonas más pobres.The crisis hit the poorest areas the hardest.
c. to affect
Fuertes inundaciones están castigando la región.Heavy flooding is affecting the region.
d. to afflict
El gobernador habló de las sequías que castigaron la provincia el año pasado.The governor spoke of the droughts that afflicted the province last year.
e. to ravage
Tenemos que luchar contra esta enfermedad que castiga a nuestro país.We need to fight this disease that is ravaging our country.
f. to devastate
Estamos en una de las zonas que castigó la epidemia.We are in one of the areas that were devastated by the epidemic.
4. (to be harmful to)
a. to damage
Dicen que leer a oscuras castiga la vista.People say that reading in the dark damages your eyesight.
b. to harm
Teresa castigaba su cuerpo con alcohol y drogas.Teresa was harming her body with drugs and alcohol.
5. (sports)
a. to penalize
El árbitro castigó al jugador por conducta antideportiva.The referee penalized the player for unsportsmanlike conduct.
b. to suspend
Castigaron a la jugadora con cinco partidos.The player was suspended for five matches.
c.
This refers to an idiomatic word or phrase for which there is no word-for-word translation.
no direct translation
El árbitro nos castigó con dos penaltis injustos.The referee called two unfair penalties on us.
El árbitro lo castigó con tarjeta roja.The referee gave him a red card.
6. (to drive on a horse)
a. to ride hard
Castigó tanto al caballo que el animal acabó desplomándose en el suelo.He rode the horse so hard that the animal ended up collapsing on the ground.
7.
A word or phrase that is commonly used in conversational speech (e.g., skinny, grandma).
(colloquial)
(to attract)
a. to seduce
Lo castigaba con cartas subidas de tono.She seduced him with racy letters.
8.
A word or phrase that is seldom used in contemporary language and is recognized as being from another decade, (e.g., cat, groovy).
(old-fashioned)
(to edit)
a. to revise
Todavía no he tenido tiempo para corregir y castigar el texto.I haven't had time yet to correct and revise the text.
b. to correct
Castigó el texto con bolígrafo rojo.He used a red pen to correct the text.
9.
A word or phrase that is seldom used in contemporary language and is recognized as being from another decade, (e.g., cat, groovy).
(old-fashioned)
(to cut expenses)
a. to reduce
La familia castigaba gastos innecesarios.The family reduced unnecessary spending.
Copyright © Curiosity Media Inc.
castigar
A transitive verb is a verb that requires a direct object (e.g. I bought a book.).
transitive verb
1. (imponer castigo a)
a. to punish
castigaron a los niños sin cenathey punished the children by sending them to bed without dinner
lo castigaron con la pena capitalhe was given the death penalty
2. (sports)
a. to penalize
3. (piel, salud)
a. to damage
4. (sujeto: sol, viento, epidemia)
a. to devastate
una zona castigada por las inundacionesa region severely hit by the floods
5. (enamorar)
a. to seduce
A pronominal verb always uses a reflexive pronoun. (e.g. Te ves cansado.).
pronominal verb
6. (general)
a. to be hard on oneself
Copyright © 2006 Harrap Publishers Limited
castigar
transitive verb
1 (por delito, falta) [+delincuente, pecador, culpable] to punish;por for
se castigará con dureza a los responsables Dios los castigará con el infierno
[+niño] (gen) to punish; (sin salir) to ground; keep in
es un delito que puede ser castigado con 15 años de prisión it is a crime punishable by 15 years' imprisonment
la ley no castiga el aborto practicado durante las 12 primeras semanas
la profesora me dejó castigado al terminar las clases the teacher kept me in o made me stay behind after school
si un padre castiga a su hijo es porque que ha hecho algo que esta mal
la castigaron por decir mentiras she was punished for telling lies; lo castigaron sin postre he was not allowed any dessert as punishment; castigar la carne (Religión) to mortify the flesh
(Dep) to penalize;por for
lo castigaron con tarjeta amarilla he was given a yellow card; el árbitro los castigó con un penalti the referee awarded a penalty against them
los profesores castigaban a los alumnos dandoles una mala nota si se comportaban mal en clase
(Com) (Política) to punish
Cuba fue castigada con sanciones comerciales Cuba was punished with economic sanctions; el socialismo salió muy castigado de las urnas socialism suffered heavy losses in the elections
42 diputados decidieron castigar con el voto en blanco al candidato el banco más castigado por los inversores cayó un 6% piensa en el suicidio como forma de castigar a la familia
2 (perjudicar) [+guerra, crisis] to afflict; affect; [+calor] to beat down on; [+frío] to bite into
el sol castigó con dureza a los tenistas the sun beat down mercilessly on the tennis players; la ciudad más castigada por los bombardeos the city worst hit by the bombing
el lugar del mundo más castigado por todo tipo de desgracias una medida como esta incrementará la tensión en un sector ya bastante castigado, pues los médicos hemos perdido poder adquisitivo en los últimos cinco años una ligera llovizna comenzó a castigar al pelotón
3 (físicamente) (maltratar) to damage; harm
Los cepillados fuertes, el » brushing" castiga tu pelo
castigamos a nuestro cuerpo con los excesos en la bebida we harm our bodies with excessive drinking
los críticos de cine estamos a punto de quedarnos ciegos y sordos gracias a la proyección y el sonido lamentables con los que nos castiga la organización del Festival
castigar el hígado to damage one's liver
La infancia se emborracha prematuramente, castiga su hígado con el clenbuterol del copeo tiene estrictamente prohibido el chocolate, por lo mucho que castiga el hígado
4 [+caballo] to ride hard
castigar mucho a un caballo to ride a horse very hard
5 (corregir) [+estilo] to refine; [+texto] to correct; revise
6 (enamorar) to seduce
7 (Com) [+gastos] to reduce
8 (México) (apretar) [+tornillo, cuerda] to tighten (up)
Collins Complete Spanish Electronic Dictionary © HarperCollins Publishers 2011
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